الفهرس 
Water Networks Components
MethodologyOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Design of water distribution network usually follows national design criteria which set certain constraints on hydraulic parameters such as velocity, hydraulic gradient slope, and pressure.
However these design criteria do not necessarily produce optimal design. Cost minimization is usually overlooked in design codes.
The target of this study is to produce safe and optimal design through route optimization (Hydraulic Optimality), and diameter optimization (Economic Optimality).
The hydraulic optimality guarantees the balance between pipe diameters and demands such that water flows from water source to consumer through the shortest route.
The economic optimality guarantees the balance between capital and running cost, such that the total cost is minimum.
A new 7-step methodology is proposed to achieve hydraulic and economic optimality of WDN. Physical and economic analyses are proposed for flow and diameter optimization. New indicators are proposed to evaluate the hydraulic and economic performance of WDN.
To demonstrate the use of the suggested methodology, a simple network is studied. Through the application of this methodology, hydraulic optimality indictor can be improved from 92% to 97%, and junctions similarity ratio can be decreased from 3.4% to 2.4% by upgrading the network through changing diameters of critical links located on the critical path, and this leads to energy saving, improving water quality, and achieving sustainable water distribution network.
Economic optimality indictor can be improved from 57.2% to 93.6%, the total cost decreased by 36.4% by selecting optimum pipe diameter, and diameter optimality ratio decreased from 3.0 to 0.91.
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