الفهرس 
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Abstract
Accidents and Injuries are considered to be one of the major public health problems and social concerns affecting the entire human population, especially preschool children and young adolescents are the main population to suffer from unintentional injuries that in most cases occur at school, home or in surround environment (Santos et al., 2022).
Mothers’ awareness and knowledge about accident will prevent accidents and the majority of accidents in the home are preventable so that it is important for mothers in our communities, providing information about how to prevent accidents. For spreading the information on accident prevention and due to lack of knowledge and practices regarding prevention of accidents these are likely to occur.everybody must act towards prevention and promotion of the health of children (Paez & Billard, 2022).
Aim of the study
This study aimed to assess mothers’ awareness about accident prevention and first aid toward their preschool children through the following:
1. Assessing mothers’ knowledge about home accident prevention.
2. Assessing mothers’ practices about accident prevention and first aid.
3. Assessing home environment.
Research question
To fulfill the aim of this study, the following research question was formulated:-
What is mothers’ level of knowledge related to accident prevention?
What is mothers’ level of practices related to accident prevention?
Is there Relation between mother Socio demographic characteristics and their Knowledge about accident prevention?
Is there Relation between mother Knowledge and their practice about accident prevention?
Is there Relation between mother Socio demographic characteristics and their practice about accident prevention?
Subjects and Methods
Research Design:
This study was follow descriptive analytical design
Setting:
The study was conducted at the Kafr Shebin village affiliated to El-Qalyoubiya Governorate. Through home visiting.
Subjects
In this study, The sample was randomly selected from North, South, West, East and Middle the sample consider(240) mothers and their children preschool aged from previously mentioned setting was recruited to test the effect of supportive strategies for accident prevention.
Tools of data collection:
The following tools were used to collect data for this study:
First tool: Structured interviewing questionnaire was developed by the investigator after reviewing of related literatures. It was translated into simple Arabic language, it included three parts
Part I: This part included data about:
Socio-demographic characteristics about mothers include; age, level of education, working state, the number of children, family type and family income.
Child characteristics such as age, sex and ranking in the family.
Part II: To assess
Mothers’ knowledge about accident, which includes: meaning of accident, accident causes, risk factors of accidents and type of accident.
Mothers’ knowledge about first aid and measures that should given to the child at home.
Part III: To assess Mothers’ reported practices regarding accident prevention and first aid.
Second tool: To assess the environmental home safety checklist.
Results
The results of this study showed that, 80% of studied mothers were unsatisfactory according to their total knowledge about accidents for their preschool Children, Total knowledge about Fractures & Total knowledge about Suffocation” had the highest score. Meanwhile, ”Total knowledge about Drowning &Total knowledge about Scratched or Bitten by A Pet” had the lowest score regarding knowledge sub dimension64.2% of mothers had unsatisfactory answers for the Total reported practices about Accidents prevention, 92, 1% was inadequate for Total first aid reported practices, Total reported practices about Electric shock & Total reported practice about Scratched or Bitten by A Pet practical” had the highest score. Meanwhile, ”Total reported practice about wound &Total reported practice about fracture had the lowest score regarding adequate practices, 60.4% total home safety and its surrounding environment and 39.6% is total unsafe environment. Furthermore, there was a statistical significant correlation between total mothers’ knowledge, total environment safety and total practices.
Conclusion:
Based on The findings of the present study, it is concluded that: Less than quarter of the studied mothers had Correct Knowledge about accidents; less than Two-Thirds of Them have inadequate reported practices about accident preventive. And more than four fifths have inadequate answers about first aid practices toward accidents for their preschool Children.
There was highly statistically significant relation between age, level of education, occupation of the mothers & total knowledge. Besides, there was no statistically significant relation between family income& total knowledge. In addition there was highly statistically significant relation between level of education of the mothers & total practices and statistically significant occupational work & total practices. Besides, there was no statistically significant relation between Age family income & total practices.
Recommendations
Developing Health education program. For mothers who have Preschool children attended primary Health care Settings regarding accidents especially Home accidents, environmental safety measures.
Provide mothers with appropriate brochures, posters, and booklets to improve their knowledge and practices about accidents especially Home accident and preventive practices at health care center.
The mass media should be involved increasing public awareness about Child hood accident prevention and proper first aid practices to avoid or minimize further Complications.