الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
A study was carried out to use solar energy for recycling old combs and capping wax byproduct to produce raw beeswax in a simple and cheap way using solar energy as a source of heating. First the beeswax was melted by a water bath method as a traditional approach, then using a solar extractor with two system: one that used only solar energy and the other that used solar energy and additional heat from solar panels with hot air moving at an average speed of 0.8 m/s and a temperature of 60.5 °C. The experiments of solar extractor were done at three different beeswax thick (1, 1.5, and 2 cm) and three various heights of perforated tray (5, 10, and 15 cm). For the traditional beeswax melting technique, the average wax melting efficiency (EFF%) value was 73.4% and the average values of RGB, LAB, chroma and hue angle were 197.50, 144.81, 51.81, 63.53, 11.02, 54.49, 55.81° and 79.21°, respectively. While by the solar extractor technique for the first solar system, the (EFF%) value was 85.5% and the average values of RGB, LAB, chroma and hue angle were 251.25, 188.50, 46, 80.14,10.80, 74.07, 74.85° and 81.70°, but for the second solar system the (EFF%) value was 87.2% and the average values of RGB, LAB, chroma and hue angle were 245.75, 216, 145, 87.34, 0.85, 38.77, 38.78° and 88.74°. While the average efficiency of the two solar systems were 44.1% and 59.2%, respectively. The total initial cost for the solar extractor was around 6,800 EGP. While the overall variable expenses employed during the melting process consequently came to around 218.38 EGP. Also, it was found that the contribution margin per unit was 6.63 EGP, or the additional revenue earned for each sold unit after subtracting the variable share of costs, with a contribution margin ratio of 2.9%. On the other hand, it was discovered that 1027 units would be required to break even, which means that no money would be lost but there would also be no profit.