الفهرس 
Title
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Abstract
Many wireless sensor network (WSN) applications require real-time communications in which bounded delay requirements need to be satisfied. WSN lossy links and limited resources of sensor nodes pose great challenges for supporting real-time applications in WSN. Many WSN routing algorithms focus on being energy efficient to extend the network lifetime while delay was not the main concern. However, these algorithms are unable to deal with real-time applications in which data packets need to be delivered to the sink node within a predefined deadline. Therefore, there is a need of a routing algorithm that achieves a balance between energy efficiency, and reliability while being suitable for real-time applications as well. In this thesis, an energy efficient, and reliable routing algorithm for real-time applications in WSNs based on Swarm intelligence is introduced which selects the paths that can deliver a data packet within its deadline and considers the relay speed when selecting the next relay to minimize the number of packets that miss their deadline. In addition, link quality and buffer size is considered to reduce the delay as a result of retransmissions reduction. Finally, energy consumption minimization among sensor nodes is considered to extend the network lifetime. Simulation results show that the proposed approach enhances network performance in terms of average end-to-end delay, packets delivery rate, energy balancing as well as network lifetime