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Abstract
Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) denotes the formation of new abnormal vessels originating from the choroids forming a vascular membrane either deep or superficial to the retinal pigment epithelium.
It is diagnosed by fundus fluorescein angiography , indocyanine green and optical coherence tomography .
CNV can significantly affect central vision in the form of metamorphopsia and scotoma through retinal oedema , subretinal fluid or even more serious complications such as subretinal bleeding and retinal detachment.
Until recently, modalities of treatment were mostly laser photocoagulation , submacular surgery and photodynamic therapy (PDT). However, each of these modalities had major disadvantages. For laser photocoagulation, there was bleeding, permanent retinal damage and injury of the fovea. For submacular surgery there was massive bleeding and retinal detachment. For PDT there was incomplete destruction of the neovascular membrane and affection of normal vessels. Moreover they all shared high recurrence rate and the fact that they all aimed at cessation of vision loss not improvement.