الفهرس 
LITRA TURE REVIEWOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The present research work deals with an investigation of the behavior of old
masonry structures under the effect of earthquake loads, with a special emphasis on
minarets. Several major problems encountered in case of old minarets throughout Old
Cairo have been selected for the study, and emphasis was placed on problems
resulting from earthquake loading. The connection between the minaret body and the
surrounding mosque walls under the mosque roof level is studied. Field observations
are gathered from a typical monument (Umm As-Sultan Shaaban mosque, Qalaa’, Old
Cairo) and the deterioration signs detected are documented. Earthquake analysis of
the minaret and surrounding mosque structure is performed using the response
spectrum technique to assess the causes of deterioration and the expected stress levels
in case of an earthquake. Different finite element models are analyzed to determine
the effect of the connection between the minaret body and the surrounding walls, and
a comparison is made between the common rehabilitation strategy of inducing full
separation between the minaret body and the walls, and the strategy of strengthening
the connection between them. The study also addresses the structural earthquake
resistance of the minaret top part, usually supported on masonry or marble columns.
Since this part is almost totally damaged in most monumental mosques in Old Cairo,
a study is made of the effect of reinforcing these columns, and directed towards the
possible reconstruction of this top part of the damaged minarets. Application of the
obtained analysis results in the strengthening of a typical mosque (Umm As-Sultan
Shaaban mosque) in Old Cairo is documented. The results of the study are used to
develop useful recommendations pertaining to the analysis and strengthening of old
monumental minarets.