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Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma if the fifth most common cancer world wide , and most cases are associated with HBV or HCV infection .
In Egypt, there is a high prevalence of HCVAb rendering it attributable important risk factor in occurrence of HCC .
Molecular biology methods now permits us to detect a small number of cancer cells in blood by use of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) targeting a cell-specific gene. This molecular technique has been proposed for detecting HCC cell in the spreading of tumer cells in patients with HCC. Also this work deails to study the expression of AFP mRNA in blood of patients with HCC and its correlation to the level of serum AFP, tumer size and presence of metastasis to detect its possible role as an indicator of hematogenous spread of HCC .