الفهرس 
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Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, relapsing, inflammatory skin disorder typically found in the flexural surfaces of individuals with a personal or family history of one or more components of atopy : asthma, allergic rhinitis, eczema, or food allergies. Genetic factors And/or immunologic abnormalities are likely responsible for AD. The immunologic abnormalities include hypersensitivity reactions, impaired Immunoregulation of IgE, increased, impaired macrophage functions and increased Mast cell release into . With appropriate allergen stimulation, mast cells release mediatorsI, vvhich lead to itching. Additionally, antigen stimulation causes T cells to into Th2. cells and secrete cytokines leading to increased IgE and recruitmeht of eosinophils and other inflammatory cells. Elevated IgE and Cosinophil products, cause increased mast cell release of histamine and cytokines further the cycle of inflammation. The physical trauma’of itching results in IL I Potentiating and,IL 3 secretion by keratinocytes; activation of Langerhans cells leading to secretion of,IL 1,TNF a, platelet activating factor and histamine releasing factor and additional activation of T cells, which further perpetuate the reaction Total IgE is measured by Also involved cells esinophils, basophils and lymphocytes were markelly elevated XCR reveal high level ofpolymorphic variations it) iIe5O/iIe5O in ILARA, evidence of highrisk of atopy.