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Abstract
Portal hypertension is the major complication of chronic liver disease and is associated with reduced survival. Pharmacological treatment is based on the premise that a sustained reduction in portal pressure will reduce the consequences of portal hypertension-that is, variceal bleeding, hepatic encephalopathy, and development of ascites.
Portal hypertension is defined by a raised portal pressure above the normal values of 1–5 mm Hg; clinically significant portal hypertension is defined above the threshold of 12 mm Hg due to the potential development of portal hypertensive bleeding, the most serious complication of portal hypertension, as it is associated with high morbidity and mortality rate.