الفهرس 
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Abstract
tonic-clonic seizures including all aspects of this Common
Many studies had been done on patients with generalized
upon the immunogenetic aspects.
convulsive disorder, but little of these studies stressed
The aim of this work is to study the changes in humoral
and their siblings.
Also to throw light on the genetic marker (HLA) in patients
and cellular immunity in these patients and their siblings.
The study was carried out on three g<roups:
1. Patients group: 30 patients divided into two sUbgroups
and Subgroup II with +ve family history of generalized
each of 15 patients. SUbgroup I with •--ve family history
tonic-clonic seizures. The patients and their siblings
Department of EI-Mansoura General HoSpital.
were selected from outpatient clinic of Neuro-psychiatric
2. Relatives group: 60 siblings divided into two sUbgroups
each of 30 siblings. SUbgroup I related to patients with
-ve family history and sUbgroup II related to patients
with +ve family history of generalized tonic-clonic seizures.
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3. Control group: 15 healthy non epilepti•c persons only for
immunity study.
ing studies:
All patients and siblings were SUbjected to the follo
w
_
3. ImmUnological study:
2. E.E.G study (for verification of diagnosis).
1. History, physical and neurological e~:amination.
A. Humoral Immunity Study: IgA, IgG, 19M by single radial
immunodiffUsion.
B. Cellular Immunity Study:
b) Lymphocyte transformation test.
a) Erythrocyte rosette formation test.
4. HLA-antigens determination for the following loci:
Locus- A: 1,2,3,9,lO,ll,IH9,28 and 29.
Locus B: 5,7,8,12,13,14,15,17,18,27,37 and 40.
Locus DR: 1,2,3,4,5 and 7.
tically by Using the IBM personal computer and the micro
The results of the investigations were evaluated statis_
stat statistical programe.
from the stUdy and without going again into much tedious
statistical details but stressing only on the significant
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data the following, results were obtained:
* Statistically significant decrease in the serum level of
IgA in group of patients (23.33%) and their sUbgroup I
(20%) and II (26.66%). No significant changes as regards
IgM and IgG were obtained.
* No sig~ificant change as regards IgA, IgM, IgG in relatives
group were found.
* Significant decrease in E-rosette percentage in total patients
group (36.6%) and their sUbgroup I (33.3%) and II
(40%) .
* No significant change in E-rosette percentage in SUbgroup
I of siblings and significant decrease in 10% of subgroup
II.
* No statistically significant changes were obtained either
in patients or their siblings when compared with control
group as regards lymphocyte transformatJ.on test.
ned:
As regards HLA study the following resUlts were obtai-
In patients group:
•
* Statistically significant increase in HLA-A9 frequency
(S3.3%)when compared to 380 normal Egyptian controls which_
was 8.9% (X~ = 47.092, P < 0.05), with high relative risk
11.68 and gene frequency 0.317.
* Significant low frequency of HLA-A2 (10%) when compared
with normal Egyptian population which was 29.5% (X’ =
c
frequency 0.051.
6.534, P < 0.05) with low relative risk 0.265 and gene
* Significant increase in HLA-DR5 frequency (23.3%) when
compared to normal Egyptian population (6.1%) (X~ = 7.748,
P < 0.05) with high relative risk 4.676 and gene frequency
•
0.134.
In siblings group:
The only positive finding was significant decrease in
the frequency of HLA-Al (6.7%) cOlllparewjith normal Egyptian
population which was 20% (Xc’ = 7.121, P <: 0.05) with low
relative risk 0.287 and gene frequency 0.034.
ing interesting data were revealed:
In addition to the above mentioned resut ts, the fOllow_
* Significant association between increasE!d frequency of
HLA-A9 , decreased frequency of HLA-A2 and low level of
IgA in the serum of patients group.
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* Significant association between incr,eased frequency of
HLA-A9. decreased frequency of HLA-A:2, increased frequency
of HLA-DRS and low E-rosette percentage of patients group •