الفهرس 
AcknowledgementOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Aim of the work: - To study and compare fertility behaviour in Abbis 8 and 2. - To scrutinize the following hypotheses: Abbis 2 has better fertility behaviour than Abbis 8. Pregnant women are younger in age, married at a later age, have lower social standard, higher infant or foetal loss and less children. Nonpregnant women are older in age, married at an earlier age, have higher social standard, less or no infant or foetal loss, practicing contraception or have more children. Strategy: Through cross sectional comparative study of two groups of married women (pregnants and non pregnants) and follow up of pregnants during the purpeurium. The tool used was the interviewing questionnaire for married women in the fertile age (15-49). A pilot study was undertaken to estimate the relevancy of the tool . to the objective. The research was performed in two sites: health centres of Abbis 8 and 2 villages. The sample included all pregnant women (185 in Abbis 2 and 267 in Abbis 8) and a systematic sample (1:4) selected from the nonpregnant women including 169 from Abbis 2 and 185 from Abbis 8. Results showed that: Pregnant women were younger in age (25.3, 25.7 years in Abbis 8,2 ~ t J respectively) than nonpregnants (30.1, 30.4 years respectively). Pregnant women married at a later age (18, 18.6 years respectively) than nonpregnants 07.3, 17.7 years respectively). I Most of the women were illiterate and not working. Among pregnant women they constituted 98.5 and 89.n. in Abbis 8 and 2 respectively. Among nonpregnants they constituted 76.2 and 78.7 respectively. Most of the husbands were illiterates or read and write. Among pregnant women, husbands were 93.6 and 77.7 in Abbis 8 and 2 respec¬ ti vel y. Among nonpregnants, husbands were 89.2 and 79.3 respectively. They mostly worked in agriculture. Among pregnants, they constituted 65.5 and 36.2 in Ahbis 8 and 2 respectively. Among nonpregnants, they consti tuted 65.2 and 44.6”/. re spec ti vel y. The mean family size for nonpregnants (9.6, 9.96 for Abbis 8 and 2 respectively) was higher than that of pregnants (7.7, 6.8) respec¬ i .ti ve 1 y) . Crowding index was higher in Abbis 8 (3.8, 3.3 for nonpreg¬ nants and pregnants respectively) than Abbis 2 (2.8, 2.9 respectively). Most of the sample women were of low social class. Among nonpreg¬ nants, they constituted 97.4, 80 in Abbis 8 and 2 respectively. Among pregnants, they constituted 94.1, 75.2 respectively. Pregnant women in Abbis 2 had less mean gravidity (3.5), mean parity (2.97), mean living children (2.4), mean living males (1.3) and mean living females (1.1) than nonpregnants (5, 4.4, 3.6, 1.9, 1.8 respec¬ tively). In Abbis 8, higher figures were obtained. Pregnant women had mean ~ravidity 4.l,mean parity 3.6, mean living children 3, mean living males 1.4 and mean living females 1.6. Nonpre~nant women had higher means (5.9, 5.3, 4.3, 2.3 and 2 respectively). No significant differences were found between pregnant and nonpreg¬ nant women in still births, abortions or neonatal deaths. The mean spacing interval was longer among nonpregnant (26.8, 32.9 months in Abbis 8 and 2 respectively) than pregnant women (19.2 for both villages). Contraceptive nonusers were more among pregnants (81.6, 63.8 in Abbis 8 and 2 respectively) than nonpregnants (52.5, 37.7 respectively). After labour (for pregnant women), those planning to use no contracep¬ tive method decreased (59.4, 36.8 respectively). Among contraceptive users, IUD were the most widely spread in Abbis 2 among nonpregnants s (30.9) while oral contraceptives were the most widely spread among pregnants in Abbis 2 (18.4) and by all women of Abbis 8 (26.6, 11.3 for nonpregnants and pregnants respectively). After labour, pregnants planned to use IUD at a higher level than before pregnancy (25.6, s 46.9 in Abbis 8 and 2 respectively). IUD took the first rank. s The mean number of additional children desired was higher for pregnant (0.7, 0.4 in Abbis 8 and 2 respectively) than nonpregnant women (0.2 in both villages). After labour, the mean number increased both in Abbis 8 (1.5) and Abbis 2 (0.5). At the age of 35-40 years, the mean gravidity, parity, living child¬ ren among nonpregnant women were 9.21, 7.61 and 5.93 respectively. Among pregnants the mean numbers were 9.8, 8.8 and 8 respectively. Education had a significant effect on fertility through age at marriage, parity, living children and contraception. Educated women tended to marry later (22.5 years for secondary educated) than illite¬ rates (17.3,18 years for nonpregnants and pregnants respectively). Secondary educated women had lower mean parity (2.8, 1.5 for nonpreg¬ nants and pregnants respectively) than illiterates (4.97, 3.4 respec¬ ti ve 1 y) . Also, they had lower mean of living children (2.4, 1.5) than illiterates (4.05, 2.8). Secondary educated women practiced contracep¬ tion at a higher level (1~0 ) than illiterates(53.5, 24.9 for non¬ pregnants and pregnants respectively. Social class had a significant effect on fertility through age at marriage, reproductive history and contraception. High social class women had a higher mean age at marriage (17.8, 21 years for nonpreg¬ nants and pregnants respectively) than low social class women (16.5, 17.1 years). They had lower mean gravidity(4.2, 2.8), mean parity (3.2, 2), mean living children (2.5, 1.8) than low social class women who had mean gravidity (5.7, 3.97),mean parity (5.1, 3.5), mean living children (4.1, 2.97). High social class woman practiced contraception at the highest level (83.3, 60). Among the factors affecting the desire for more children and con¬ traception are: age, education, social class, gravidity, living child¬ ren, living sons, nebnatal deaths and outcome of last pregnancy. The following recommendations were suggested: - Education of females in rural areas. - Health education and better communication with rural communi¬ ties. - Improvement of socioeconomic standard. - Wide dissimination of family planning services and effective safe contracpptive methods. - Improvement of MCH service coverage.