الفهرس 
Material and methodsOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 230 |  |  |
| | | from | 230 | | |
Abstract
(191)
Summary And Conclusion
This work was carried out to demonstrate the psychiatric
symptoms that accompany epilepsy, and their
electroencephalographic pictures, provided that, no
evidence of psychatric disorder or mental subnormality
preceded the onset of epilepsy-
The study showed that:-
62.5% of epileptics in the examined patients were
below the age of 30 years. The group consisted of 21
male and 19 temale epileptics. 97 .5~ of examined patients
began to suffer from epilepsy before the age of
21 years- Duration of epilepsy was 11-20 years in 37.5%
of the group studied and less than 5 years in 32.5%.
60% of epileptics were suffering from partial seizures
and 40% with generalized seizures. Complex partial
seizures (temporal lobe epilepsy) representing 25% of
cases and complex partial seizures secondarily generalized
representing 20% of casea. The frequency of the
fits was 3-6 fits/month in 45% of cases. Nocturnal
fits occured in 20% and diurnal in 62.5% of cases. The
most prominent precipitating factors were emotional
----_.-----
(192)
disturbance and sleep. Headache and irritability were
the most prominent prodromal symptoms. Moat at the
epileptics had post-ictal symptoms in the form of
falling a sleep, headache and contusion. The main
clinical symptoms were behavioural disturbances (as
aggression, excitment and withdrawn), and perceptual
disorders (hallucinations, visual and audito17).
All cases were representing with mental disturbance
either with clear consciousness (as mood changes, personality
changes, dementia and chronic paranoid psychosis)
or with clouded consciousness (as automatiSM,
fugues, twilight states and furors).
Symptomatic schizophrenia, symptomatic depression
and dementia were the most prominent associated psychiatric
diseases in the epileptics of the group studied-
!’hemean. age of onset of symptomatic schizophrenia
was 21.7 years (mean age of onset of epilepsy 10 years),
ot manic-depressive psychosis was 25 years (mean age of
onset of epilepsy 15.3 years), ot dementia was 30.7
years (mean age of ooset of epilepsy was 7.5 years).
Most of epileptics with Bchizophreniform psychosis
(193)
had complex partial seizures (temporal lobe epilepsy)
Most of epileptics with manic depressive psychosis,
”demep.t1a· end mental retardation had primary or secondary
generalized epilepsy-
EEG record tor 25 cases of epileptics with psych!atric
disorders showed that, 44% of cases with geneJ.’alized
EEG abnormalities and 56% ot cases with tocal EEG
abnomalities.
All cases were diagnosed clinically focal epilepsy
(24%) showed focal foci and 32% of cases were diagnosed·
clinically generalized epilepsy (primary or secondar,y)
showed focal foci.
In epileptics with symptomatic schizophrenia I
(6 cases), generalized and focal EEG abnormalities were
equal (50%) and temporal lobe foci represented 33.)% of
focal lesi,ons-
All epileptics with dementia recorded focal lesions
in their EEG. Temporal lobe foci were equal to frontal,
--- ----.-_- .- ~_~. .-I--- ---
parietal, temporal and tempol’o-parietal fC?Oi.
75% of epileptic manic depressive psychosis showed
focal temporal lobe foci in ~he1r EEG record.
(194)
75% of mentally retarded epileptics showed generalized
BEG abnormalities.
-
No specific radiological abnormalities were detected
by pla1n x-ra::!skull of the patientse
No specific abnormalities were showed by fundus
examinations of the patientse
The main conclusions are:
1- ~e psYchiatric disorders which may be found in
epileptic patients are: Schizophreniform psychosis,
manic depressive psychosis (mania 1s rare presentation),
dementia, mental retardation, Anxiety, reactive depression
and hysterical neurosis (both conversion and
dissociation reaction), but psychopathy is rare.
2- The psychiatric symptoms which m,B:Y be found in
epileptics are:
a) Behavioural disorders in the form of aggress!on,
excitment and withdrawn.
b) Mood disorders in the form ?f depression (the most
prominent symptom), anxietye
c) Thought disorders as delusions (delusion ot persecution,
delusion of refrence, delusion of guilt)
./
(195)
retardation, inchorence, perseveration, thought block,
religious ideas and autistic thinking
d)Perceptual disorders as hallucinations (visual and
auditory) •
•) Loss of insight, disturbance of memory, orientation
end judgment.
)_ Early onset of epilepsy in childhood may associate(~
w1th mental retardation. The age of onset of epilepsy
(mean 7.5 years) had &:relation to the age (8.5 years)
at which ment al retardat ion began, most ly associat ed with
generalized epilepsy-
4- EEG is certainely of great value tor identifying
patients who apparant psychiatric disorders have an organic
basis. As an aid to identifying functional psychiatric
disease, the EEG is minimal value.
5- Epileptic patients with schizophrenia, manic
depressive psychosis, dementia and mental retardation,
show greater degee of EEG abnormalities than other types
ot mental disorders as hysterical neurosis, anxiety.
reactive depression. Although these abnormalities are
largely non specific, well organized epileptiform
(196)
activity occur.
6- Someof specific patterns maybe found in epile- .
ptic sch1zophren1formpsychosis and Epileptic dementia.
---~~- ._-----~--