الفهرس 
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Abstract
Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONY). Continues to pose a major problems for surgical patients under general anesthesia. They may cause serious medical and surgical complications and are distressing to the patients and delay discharge from hospital after surgery. There is a growing awareness about the importance of patient satisfaction with their medical care and the development of the 5-HT3 receptor antagonists as a new class of antiemetics is a considerable advance in the management of this condition.
Our study evaluates the efficacy and safety of intravenous ondansetron 4 mg (5-HT3 receptor antagonist) in comparison to intravenous metoclopramide 10 mg and placebo (5 ml normal saline) in prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting, in male and female patients undergoing surgical operation undergeneral anesthesia.
Our study includes one hundred patients fifty from them (50) scheduled to undergo elective operation (laparoscopic & operative cholecystectomy) and the other (50) patients scheduled to undergo emergency operation (cesarean section & appendesectomy operation). The study contain 3 group: Group I, 40 patients received 4 mg (I.V.) ondansetron prior to induction of general anesthesia; compared to group II; forty patients received 10 mg (I.V.) metoclopramide prior to
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Summary &Conclusion
induction of anesthesia. Group III; twenty patient received placebo (5m1 of normal saline) subsequent postoperative emetic episodes,
nausea scores, retching, clinically safety data and adverse events were evaluated during the 24-h study period post recovery time.
Our study revealed that I.V. ondansetron 4 mg was significantly (P<0.05) better than 10 mg I.V. metoclopramide than in placebo (saline) for prevention of postoperative emesis during the 24-h observation period post recovery time.
Also, ondansetron 4 mg I.V. was significantly better than metoclopramide 10 mg I.V. than in placebo for control of postoperative nausea during the 24-h observation period post recovery time (P<0.05).
Our study showed also that; I.V. 4 mg ondansetron was significantly (P<0.05) better than 10 mg I.V. metoclopramide than in placebo for control of nausea & emesis in male patients in postoperative 24-h follow up period post recovery time.
Also, the study revealed that the female patients had more incidence of PONV than in male patients and ondansetron 4 mg I.V. was significant better than metoclopramide 10 mg I.V. than placebo for control of emesis & nausea & retching in female during postoperative 24-11 observation period.
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Also, ondansetron I.V. 4 mg is significantly better than metoclopramide 10 mg I.V. than placebo for control of retching during postoperative 24-h observation period.
Our study showed that there were no significant differences between the three treatment groups with respect to measures of vital signs or the incidence of adverse events, sedation degrees and intensity of pain.
Finally, we can conclude that single intravenous 4 mg
• ondansetron is sale, well tolerated and more effective for preventing postoperative nausea, vomiting & retching in male & female patients undergoing surgery under general anesthesia.