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Abstract
In a trial to isolate and identify ectomycorrhizal fungi for the first time in Egypt. A total number of 106 fungal isolates were isolated from some Egyptian soils. From which 93 isolates from surface sterilized root tips of Eucalyptus, Azadirachta, Pinus, Bauhinia and Cupressus and 13 fungal isolates were obtained from sporocarpes associated with a range of plants. Fungi were tested for ectomycorrhiza formation with Bauhinia sp. seedlings in pure culture. The technique was used for simultaneous inoculation of root apices to produce synchronously developing ectomycorrhizas. Typical Ectomycorrhizal roots were obtained within 14 days after inoculation with the collected isolates. The isolates tested for ectomycorrhiza formation with Pinus sp. and Eucalyptus sp. to ensure their identity by known colonization characteristics on this hosts. The ISSR-PCR test was carried out to know the similarity between obtained strains and isolates. A comparison between the growth patterns of seven ectomycorrhizal fungi grown in MMN liquid medium under static, magnetic and shaking conditions during 33days at2 ± 0C have been made. A growth curve of ECM strains can be depicted graphically by polloting the dry weight (g) aginst time in days. The ability of the ECM isolates to utilize various carbon and nitrogen sources when present singly in MMN liquied medium as a carbon and energy source or nitrogen source under ststic conditions. And the ability of the ECM isolates to grow on different pH levels. A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness and infectiveness of seven ECM isolates on some economically seeds and seedlings ( Pinus sp., Eucalyptus sp; Bauhinia sp. Cupressus sp. Azadirachta, sp.; Simmondsia shinensis and Oleae sp.) on growth parameter
(shoot and root length (cm/ plant) and shoot and root dry weight (g/ plant)) and total nitrogen , phosphorus and Potassium uptake of shoots and roots ,the number of dichotomous roots per plant was measured for Pinus and the number of ectomycorrhizal short root per unit of length was measured only with Eucalyptus; Bauhinia; Cupressus; Azadirachta. And finally the selection of suitable carriers for preparing ECM inocula has been carried out