الفهرس 
Pathophysiology of Mechanical VentilationOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The correct management of cases of respiratory failure is a real challenge that faces clinicians every day. Over the years, the use of mechanical ventilation using an artificial airway has been the most widely used method of ventilatory support in these patients. The use of an artificial airway however, is an invasive method and can carry a number of drawbacks including the inability to phonate, the increased risk of respiratory tract infection, complications of incorrect placement as pneumothorax, and pressure-induced complications as tracheal necrosis.
The use of noninvasive ventilatory support (N1Y) has in its modern form flourished during the last two decades, primarily in the adult population. During the last few years, ”NTV, predominantly in the form of positive-pressure ventilatory support, has also become an option in the pediatric population.
It has been used in both acute and chronic respiratory failure with success and has alleviated the need for intubation or tracheostomy. The variety of methods available for N1VS include non invasive negative pressure ventilation (NINPV), non invasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPY) via nasal mask, face mask or helmets and nasal CPAP and bi-level positive airway pressure (BiPAP).