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Abstract The study of genetics and its role in causing human disease is now widely acknowledged as being among the most exciting and influential areas of medical research . As new methods of genetic prognosis and treatment become available ,and diseases are redefined in genetic terms it is essential that clinicians know more about genetic therapy . Once a disease has been placed on the genetic map ,the step is to clone or isolate the responsible gene and to identify its base sequence . Tis essay studies the application of molecular genetic techniques in the filed of glaucoma as the possibility of a genetic predisposition to glaucoma was first realized 1842 when Benedict the occurrence of glaucoma in two sisters .One aspect of the molecular approach that has been particularly important to glaucoma research is that only DNA from affected individuals and their relatives required for analysis. This essay also studies the genes responsible for glaucoma &will identify the role of specific protein products in the development of the disease without requiring direct access to ocular tissue . During the last decade nine different genetic loci have been identified for several inherited forms of glaucoma .Three loci have been reported for primary congenital glaucoma (PCC) ,one for JOAG and another five adult –onset POAG . |