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Abstract
Portal hypertension bleeding is a common and serious complication of cirrhosis. All patients with cirrhosis should undergo endoscopy to be evaluated for possibility of current or future portal hypertensive bleeding.
Possible causes of bleeding include esophagesl varices , gastric varices, and portal hypertensive gastropathy.
Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a common illness in patients with cirrhosis and ascites that occurs without any apparent focus of infection Bacterial translocation plays an important role in SBP and it is evident from a variety of studies that the gut is a major source of this bacteria.
Translocation of intestinal bacteria to ascitic fluid is probably the first step in the development of episodes of SBP in patients with cirrhosis. E-coli is the most frequently identified bacteria in patients with SBP.
Prophylactic antibiotics are increasing used for prevention of infection, notably SBP.
The study included 200 cases with acute variceal bleeding from inpatient hepatology unit of the National Liver Institute hospital.