الفهرس 
APPLIED SURGICAL ANATOMY OF THE BILIARY
PATIENTS AND METHODSOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
With the mewer techniques for visualizing the bile ducts in aundiced patients, it is seldom necessary to perform a laparotorny vithout first confirming the mature of cholestasis, and delineating, at east in part, the site, mature and extent of the lesion.
Both ERCP and PTC can be applied when surgical jaundice is resent, to visualize the bile ducts.
ERCP, first described by McCune and his colleagues in 1968, ecame now a standard investigation in patients with obstructive aundice. Its diagnostic ability can be extended to a therapeutic one.
PTC, first performed by Huard and Do-XUan-Hop (1937), eveloped into a safer technique by Okuda in 1974. It became idespreadly used as a primary radiological procedure. Worldwide xperience shown it to be a simple invistigation with a low complication ate. Definitive biliary drainage procedures can now be performed ercutaneously.
This study was carried out prospectively on 75 jaundiced patients. patients were excluded from the study as the cause of jaundice was ound to be medical one.
All patients were subjected to detailed history taking, clinical valuation, laboratory invistigation, abdominal ultrasonography and direct holongiography (ERCP,PTC).
IF US showed no intra-hepatic bile duct dilatation, ERCP was one first, while PTC was done in the presence of intra-hepatic bile duct ilatation. In case of failure of either method to visualize bile ducts, the lternative one was used.
Thus, patients of the study were divided into 2 groups according the method of direct cholongigraphy used first (ERCP, PTC).