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Abstract
Sohag govcrnoratc, groundwater represents the source for 85 % of the potable water for drinking and irrigation purposes. In the ast few years the area surrounding the Nile cultivated land (the flood plain) have been subjected to different forms of development including land reclamation, construction of industrial zones and new settlements to reduce the density population within the old valley. Therefore, evaluation of gcomorphological, water resources and the soil classification of the area of study are of great important. The study is based mostly on the application of the geographical information system (G!S).
1.1- Location of the Study Area.
The area of study occupies the southern part of Sohag govcrnoratc between latitudes 26° 07’30” to 26° 34’30” N and longituies 31° 28’30” to 32° 17’ 00”E (Fig. I). It is rectangular in shape and extends from east to west for about 81.5 km and 50 km from north to south, covering an <rea of 4075 km2.The area is surrounded from the cast and west by the Eastern and Western Desert respectively and the Nile Valley traverses it diagonally. The climatic condition is generally of arid type being hot in summer and mild in winter.
1.2- Previous Work.
Due to its vital role in the development of the Egyptian civilization, the Nile Valley has attracted the attention of numerous resea chcrs. Many studies were carricd out in the study area to investigate the geolcgy, geoinorphology, geophysical studies and hydrogeology. These studies were rather general in their contribution and covers pans of the Valley outside the study area. Detailed investigations have not bccn’carricd out in the considered area, also nothing has been written, in detail, about the soil of the area undei investigation. The following is a brief review of the previous studies.