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Abstract
This thesis is oriented to study the optical bistability phenomena, in a nonlinear medium placed inside Fabry-Perot cavity, from a classical and quantum points of view, providing two models of treating such phenomena. The thesis consists of an introduction and three chapters.
The introduction gives a general review on nonlinear optics and the previous works in the field of optical bistability.
Chapter one presents a theoretical background about the field-matter interaction, nonlinear media and the propagation of light in such media, and an introduction to the optical bistability phenomena.
Chapter two presents a theoretical model based on pure classical hypothesis to discuss the occurrence of bistability in a nonlinear dissipative medium placed inside a Fabry-Perot cavity. The medium is assumed to be driven by a monochromatic intense light. The field-matter interaction is treated classically by the nonlinear Newton-Lorentz equation of motion and Maxwell’s wave equations. Two cases are considered to handle the form of the driving light field. In the first case the field is assumed to be a traveling plane wave while the second case considers the field to be a standing wave that can be established inside the cavity. The occurrence of bistability is deduced in both cases and the obtained results are nearly identical.
Chapter three provides a quantum modified model to illustrate the field-matter interaction. The model develops quantum corrections to the classical electron oscillator model to be appropriate for real atoms. This results in introducing so called ”quantum polarization equation of motion” to treat the field-matter interaction through the quantum hypothesis. The model discusses the occurrence of bistability in both dissipative and amplifying media. This gives more credit to the quantum model since the bistable behavior of an amplifying medium cannot be discussed through the classical model which predicts only absorption of radiation.