الفهرس 
INTRODUCTION AND Aim Of The WorkOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Bronchopleural fistula consitutes a major therapeut i c c h a 11 ange for thorac ic surgeons. I t means a sinus tract between the bronchus and the pleural space that develops as a result of necretozing infection or trauma. In general, bronchopleural fistulae may occur as a po s top era t i vee 0 m p 1 i cat ion f 0 now i n 9 P n e u m 0 nee to my 0 r partial lung resection. postoperative bronchopleural fistula may presentearly during the first week postoper~tively or late after months or even years after the operation. The diagnosiS is not difficult. It can be reached easily by clinical presentation and radiological investigations such as plain X-ray of the chest, bronchography, sinography or c.T. scan. The fiberoptic bronchoscope, nowadays, plays an important r ole i nth e d i a g n o s i s in add i t ion t 0 its g rea tad van tag e i n managing this problem. There are many predisposing factors to the development of postoperative bronchopleural fistula, but technical errors in bronchial stump closure take the upper hand. Other causes i ncl u d e pi eura 1 space infect ion. residual pleural space after resection, preoperative irradiation in addition to the nature of the disease affecting the bronchus.