الفهرس 
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Abstract
Basal rot and black mould are two important diseases attacking onion bulbs in the field and storage, decreasing yield and quality of crop. The present investigation aimed to study the effect of antioxidants, plant extracts, growth substances, abiotic induces micro and macroelements as well as a biological control on post harvest pathogens and field of onion bulbs. Laboratory results The best results from the different treatments, 2.4 Aminazaltat (75 ppm) as growth substance, ammonium oxalate (6%), CuSO4 (75ppm) and iron (75ppm) prevent the growth of F. oxysporum only, followed by Allium sativum extract (80%) and hydroquinone (15 mM) where, they reduced the linear growth to 1.3 and 2.3 cm, respectively, compared with control (9.0 cm). On the other hand, boron (75 ppm) also completely inhibited the linear growth of A. niger. Followed by Allium sativum (80%), ammonium oxalate (6%) and hydroquinone (15 mM), the reduction in linear growth were 2.0, 2.3 and 2.6 cm, respectively, compared with control (9.0 cm). Field results The best results from the different treatments, hydroquinone as antioxidants, garlic Allium sativum extract (80%), 2.4. Aminazaltat at 75ppm, ammonium oxalate (6%), Boron (75 ppm), nitrogen (120 kg/fed) and T. harzianum Storage results The best results from the different treatments, Hydroquinone at 15 mM, Garlic extract (80%), 2.4. Aminazaltat (75 ppm), indole acetic acid (350 ppm) for black mould and basal rot, respectively, ammonium oxalate (6%), copper (75 ppm), for black mould and manganese (75 ppm) for basal rot, phosphorus (45 kg P2O5/fed), and T. harzianum (14) at 6 g/L. It is worthy to mention that the lower values in growth parameters and yield accord under the low level (150 ppm) of GA3. The percentages of infection by basal rot, and black mould were increased with increasing the concentration of Cycocele from 100 <U+2013> 300 ppm. It can be recommended that spraying of hydroquinone as antioxidants, garlic Allium sativum extract (80%), 2.4. Aminazaltat at 75ppm, ammonium oxalate (6%), Boron (75 ppm), nitrogen (120 kg/fed) and T. harzianum after 30 <U+2013> 60 and 90 days from transplanting to avoid the injuries effects of basal rot and black mould diseases on onion plants.