الفهرس 
Introduction
Fixed appliances used for distalization of the uppermolarsOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The present study was performed in an attempt to throw high light on the First Class appliance. Evaluating skeletal and dental effects of this appliance during distalization of maxillary first permanent molars was an important concern. This study was carried out on twenty female patients. Age range was 1214 years. The criteria of selection were : * Permanent dentition stage.* Skeletal Class 1 and dental Class II.* Space deficiency in the maxillary arch (59 mm.). * The lower arch required non extraction treatment.* No previous orthodontic treatment.* No oral habits. The First Class appliance was inserted for each patient. The appliance was activated one quarter turn every day till supper Class I molar relation and the required space were produced. For all patients extraoral and intraoral photographs, orthodontic plaster casts and lateral cephalometric, panoramic and hand wrist radiographic films were taken before treatment and after distalization .According to the results of this study, we concluded the following: 1 The maxillary first molars were effectively and rapidly distalized by the First Class appliance with a period of 60 (R+ (B14 days . 2 The distalization of the molars had been occurred by bodily movement without significant tipping or extrusion movement . 3 Anchorage loss was noticed during the distalization of the maxillary first molars in the form of upper incisor proclination 4 As regard the skeletal effects of the First Class appliance, there were no significant changes in either facial vertical dimensions or anteroposterior direction .