الفهرس 
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Abstract
Morbid obesity has been defined arbitrary in the past as 100 pounds above, ideal body weigl1t (I.B..W) (Stunkard et al., 1986). Recent formula has developed for determining ideal body weight which can be applied to all inidividuals and takes into account differences in weight according to sex : for females ideal body weight = 45 Kg + 2.3 Kg per inch over 5 feet in height; and for males ideal body weight = 5OKg,+2.3 Kg per inch over 5 feet (Devine, 1974) . Surgical treatment of clinically severe obesity is indicated m several years of so called morbid obesity the minimum duration of the disease is somewhat arbitrary, but is usually more than 5 years. The patient will thus have BMI of greater than 40-45Kg1m2 and should have made serious attempts to lose weight by dieting. The principal operations that have been used include bypass procedures as jujuno-ileal bypass, duodenoenteric bypass, gastric bypass, and gastic procedures as vertical banded gastroplasty and mangenstrasse and mill operations.