الفهرس 
AcknowledgementOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Present study was conducted in Gastroenterology surgical center in the period between, November 1998 to December 2001.0ne hundred and fifty patients had esophageal carcinoma with a mean age; 55.6:i:13.16 years and ranged from (16 -80 years). One hundred and nine were male and 41 were female. The main presenting symptom was combination of dysphagia, weight loss, heart burn or cough . Patients with Barrett’s esophagus had an increased risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma. In our study, Barrett’s esophagus was reported in 20 cases (13.3% of all cases, 36.5%of adenocarcinoma). Adenocarcinoma was found in 34.7% while squamous cell carcinoma (S.C.C.) occurred in 57.3% f In the present study, the most common site for S.C.C. was the middle third of esophagus, which was encountered in 57 of 86 patients. Adenocarcinoma was encountered in lower third of esophagus in 49 of 52 , t patients. In the present study 25.3% of cases had aneuploid pattern .Lymph node metastases (abdominal, medistinal and neck L/N) occurred more in aneuploid pattern 52.6%, 65.7%, 18.4% respectively. Also lung, liver, bone metastases occurred more in aneuploid pattern 21%, 23.6%, 7, 8% respectively. The presence of an aneuploid tumour cell population was associated with an aggressive clinical course, with a higher rate of lymph node metastases and a higher frequency of recurrence than those with diploid tumour. In addition, the presence of DNA aneuoploid cell line could be considered a sign of poor prognosis. Both laser therapy and stenting were able to significantly improve