الفهرس 
introduction and aim of the workOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Sepsis and its sequelae constitute a major cause of morbidity and mortality In medical and surgical intensive care units. Despite advancement in the care of patients with sepsis, the average mortality ranges from 30% to 50%. In addition, the frequency rate of this disorder continues to increase, with a recent study showing that sepsis occurs in a rate of 3 cases per 1,000 individuals in the general population. Definitions describing sepsis, sepsis syndrome, early septic shock, refractory septic shock, and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome were proposed and modi fied to fit the paediatric population with its different physiologic parameters. Sepsis presents with variable manifestations including the following: • Chauges in body temperature. • Cardiovascular manifestations III the form of tachycardia, an early hyperdynamic stage followed by circulatory shock • Respiratory manifestations in the form of tachpnoea, hypoxaemia, hypercapnia, and acute respiratory distress syndrome. • Neurological abnormalities including septic encephalopathy and critical illness myopathy and neuropathy. • Renal manifestations with pre renal oliguria secondary to hypovolaernia to be followed by acute tubular necrosis. • Gastrointestinal abnormalities manifested by abnormal gastrointestinal motility, bleeding, abnormal liver function, and hepatic encephalopathy.