الفهرس 
Introduction and aim of the workOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
This study comprised three groups of patients with different medical condition namely; quadriceps disuse atrophy due to osteoarthritis of the knee; quadriceps disuse atrophy after plaster immobilization and constipation due to weakness of the abdominal muscles. Patients were divi5ied into 3 groups and each group was divided into two subgroups : Group I : (Disuse atrophy of the quadriceps muscle due to osteoarthritis of the knee) comprising: group Ia : (Treated group) comprised 12 patients. Their ages ranging from 40 - 70 years old, 7 were male and 5 were female. .group Ib : (Pla.cebo group) comprised 10 patients.Thair ages ranging from 40-70 years old, 4 were male and 6 were female. Group II (Difluse atrophy of quadriceps after plaster irnmobilization) comprising.