الفهرس 
aim of workOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Perioperative Fluid and electrolyte therapy can affect the outcome of the surgical patients.
Rationale fluid therapy is based on the accurate estimation of body fluid status, clinical condition of the patient as well as knowing how far the surgical pathology causes fluid and electrolyte derangement.
Body fluids homeostasis, sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium homeostasis were reviewed because of the importance of knowing the mechanisms that control their homeostasis and knowing when these mechanisms are disturbed.
The assessment of body fluids status by different means was mentioned because of the prime importance of the accurate preoperative estimation of body fluid status.
The pathophysiological changes associated with trauma and surgery including the neuroendocrinal response to surgery and its relation to the perioperative fluid therapy and the changes that occur in the body fluids during and after surgery were reviewed.
Types of I.V. fluid therapy (crystalloid, colloid and hypertonic solutions), their properties, clinical uses and potential hazards were discussed briefly.
Different medical conditions necessitate attention to the perioperative fluid and electrolyte therapy.