الفهرس 
Introduction
Types of pits and fissuresOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Dentistry as a science is concerned not only with treating oral conditions but also with preventing oral diseases. Occlusal caries precedes all other types of carious lesions; carious lesions develop faster and in greater numbers in molars. Sealing of pits and fissures has been demonstrated to be a safe and effective procedure for the primary prevention of occlusal caries. For adequate retention of the sealant, it is necessary that the teeth have a maximum surface area, deep, irregular pits and fissures that must be clean at the time of sealant placement. The purposes of this study were to evaluate the effect of 6 types of occlusal fissure cleansing methods on retention of fissure sealant and to compare the retention between unfilled non fluoridecontaining sealant and filled fluoridecontaining sealant using 6 methods of tooth preparation. The present study was carried out on 201 children, (106 girls and 95 boys), selected from AlEmam Mohamed Abdu, elementary school, in Mansoura Province. Their age ranged from 6 to 8 years. Each child had two sound and fully erupted lower first permanent molars with deep or moderate occlusal fissures and no history of previous application of any fissure sealants. Subjects were classified according to occlusal fissure cleansing methods into 6 groups: rubber cup and pumice cleaned group, dry pointed brush cleaned group, round bur cleaned group, fissure bur cleaned group, prophyjet unit cleaned group with 50 <U+00B5> particles and prophyjet unit cleaned group with 25 <U+00B5> particles. First permanent molar on one side of the mouth was cleaned with one of the cleansing methods and sealed with Helioseal fissure sealant, and the contralateral tooth was cleaned by the same method sealed with SealRite fissure sealant. Each fissure sealant was applied and polymerized by light cure unit according to the manufacturer?s instructions. Follow up of sealant retention was done clinically after 1week, 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12months, using the criteria described by Simonsen. Results of the present study revealed that fissure sealant which was placed on fissures prepared with burs had tendency for higher retention rate, followed by airpolishing methods, then dry pointed brush and the rubber cup with pumice had tendency for lowest retention rate. Moreover, unfilled non fluoridecontaining sealant had tendency for higher retention rate than filled fluoridecontaining sealant. from the present study, it can be conclude that: 1The use of enameloplasty, airpolishing and dry pointed brush methods in cleaning of occlusal fissures before sealant application showed better sealant retention. 2Although not significantly different, unfilled non fluoridecontaining sealant showed better clinical performance than filled fluoridecontaining sealant after one year. The following recommendations should be put into consideration: 1All methods of occlusal fissures cleansing methods can be recommended. The dry pointed brush method seems to be the simplest one. 2The use of filled fluoridecontaining sealants as preventive procedures.