الفهرس 
AUTISM SPECTRUM DISorder (ASD)Only 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Abstract
Background: A diagnosis of autism precludes a diagnosis of Attention- deficit hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD), however, despite the difference conceptualization, previous studies reported
symptoms overlap and a high rate of ADHD in autism and autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
Objective: To detect the frequency of ADHD in children with ASD and its relation to the severity
of autism.
Methods: This study assessed ADHD symptoms and their severity, screened by the Conners’ Parent
Rating Scale-Revised (CPRS-R), as well as cognitive and adaptive skills, screened by Vineland
Adaptive Behavior Scale (VABS), in a sample of 150 children with a primary ASD diagnosis
following up at Ain Shams University, Pediatric Department, Developmental and Behavioral clinic.
Results: It was found that the prevalence of ADHD evaluated by the Conners’ Parent Rating Scale
is 100% (14.6 mild to moderate ADHD, 85.4 severe ADHD). Severe ADHD is significantly
associated with higher incidence of education at special needs schools (P=0.000), lower maternal
education (P= 0.035), jobless fathers(P=0.035), lower Parity (P=0.047) as well as a higher incidence
of prenatal problems(P=0.037), presence of family history (P=0.041), higher Childhood Autism
Rating Scale (CARS) scores(P=0.000), and a higher incidence of severe deficit VABS
scores(P=0.000)).
Conclusion: ADHD frequency is highly prevalent in ASD patients. Clinicians should be aware that
ADHD confers additional developmental risk factors on children with ASD. So should be screened
and give effective treatment for ADHD symptoms, and what causes them to be severe (higher
incidence of special needs schools, lower maternal education, jobless fathers, a high incidence of
prenatal problems, consanguinous marriage).