الفهرس 
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Abstract
The study aimed to classify the depictions under the sacrificial tables, the reasons for their depiction under the sacrificial table, and identify those depictions in private graves and identify their elements. This goal has several sub-goals, namely:
• View scenes from the depictions under the sacrificial tables in the private tombs of ancient Egypt from the beginning of the Old Kingdom to the end of the Middle Kingdom.
• Classification of pictographs under the sacrificial tables into groups.
• Identify the elements of each group and follow their development.
• Explore the reasons and symbolism of depicting those items under the sacrificial tables.
• Compare the items under the subtraction table from the beginning of the Old Kingdom to the end of the Middle Kingdom.
• Analysis of the results of the difference between elements and traditional formulas during the ancient and middle Kingdoms.
• Documentation of the depictions under the communion tables on the wall scenes of private tombs in ancient Egypt.
This study focuses on the depictions under the sacrificial tables in the private tombs of ancient Egypt from the beginning of the Old Kingdom to the end of the Middle Kingdom, as well as those depictions found on false doors.
The importance of this study stems from the fact that it collects the images under the sacrificial tables, in order to form a reference and a source for the study of those images. Moreover, the study clarifies the purpose of such depictions, their elements and traditional formulas.
This study follows an analytical descriptive methodology to identify several facts about the items contained in the depictions under the sacrificial tables and their types to describe public contexts by examining depictions of private tombs in ancient Egypt. These depictions are analyzed to classify the different types of elements and traditional formulas and compare them during different periods and locations.
The researcher divided his study into three chapters and a conclusion as follows:
The first chapter is entitled ”depictions of the sacrificial tables”: this chapter deals with the time frame of the sacrificial tables and below, the importance of food offerings and offerings, the concept of scenes of the sacrificial tables and the symbols contained in them, as well as the elements of the composition of these scenes, as well as scenes of funeral rituals through texts and traditional formulas carved or painted in them, the importance of performing these rituals, and finally a summary of the first chapter.
As for the second chapter, entitled ”The presentation of the images”, the researcher in this chapter dealt with the presentation of the images by referring to its current location, the name of the tomb, the description of the scene and commentary, starting from the Early Dynastic Period through the second dynasty, and the beginning of the Old Kingdom in ancient Egypt, which included the dynasties from the fourth to the sixth, passing through the first transitional period, which included the dynasties from the seventh to the tenth, as well as the Middle Kingdom in ancient Egypt, which included the dynasties from the eleventh to the twelfth, ending with the second transitional period, which included the thirteenth dynasty.
The third chapter is entitled ”an analytical presentation of the depictions found under the offering tables in private cemeteries in the ancient and Middle States of ancient Egypt”, and the researcher in this chapter dealt with an analytical presentation of the depictions found under the offering tables in private cemeteries in the ancient and Middle States of ancient Egypt, by identifying a number of 76 depictions, distributed over the historical periods between the two states (ancient and middle) and their transitional periods (the first and second), the chapter also contained a discussion of the most important findings and compare them with each other.
In conclusion, the researcher stated the most important results he concluded during his study, including the following:
This study deals with 76 scenes of offerings under the tables given by the owner of the tomb to the gods or to his relatives.
The study did not reveal any depictions after the Middle Kingdom, approximately 73% of the depictions counted date back to the Old Kingdom period, which reached 55 depictions, and one scene belongs to the Early Dynastic Period (3050-2740 BC.M), and the earliest depiction was due to the second dynasty.
The sixth family included the most shots with a total of 21 scenes. While the fifth family included 15 scenes, the fourth family included 4 scenes.
The depictions disappeared during the sixth dynasty, and only one scene during the seventh dynasty.
The number of depictions dating back to the Middle Kingdom reached twenty depictions, 73% of which date back to the Twelfth Dynasty, it reached 12 scenes.
The study used some scenes from the early dynasties, especially the second dynasty, the first transitional period (2181-2055 BC.Ad) (15 scenes), and the second transitional period (1700-1550 BC.M) (3 scenes), to show the evolution of traditional symbols and formulas under the sacrificial tables and show their symbolism, and to complete the time periods according to the method of study.
The presented examples shed light on the basic function that the sacrificial tables play in the festive environment, in private tombs, and understanding the meanings embodied in these depictions is necessary to understand the burial customs of ancient Egypt.
The sacrificial table is a ritual spectacle in itself, symbolizing the sacred environment to which it belongs, in addition to being an essential component of the ritual site.
Finally, the study contains a list of sources and references from its approved sources.
The researcher noticed through his work as a tour guide, as well as through the study that most of the depictions under the sacrificial tables were always under the table in the northern and Western Wall of private tombs, in the North; and in Egyptian cosmology, the North was associated with Osiris, the God of the underworld and rebirth. The placement of sacrificial scenes on the northern wall symbolizes the provision of sustenance to the deceased on their journey to the afterlife, and the Western Wall faced the sunset, representing the descent into the underworld. The depiction of sacrificial scenes on the Western Wall also symbolizes the act of providing for the deceased in their eternal world.
Also, by analyzing the types of offerings depicted under the tables, their order, Associated texts and their traditional formulas, the researcher gained an insight into the economic situation, social hierarchy, food habits of various social groups, during the period from the beginning of the Old Kingdom to the end of the Middle Kingdom through the differences in the depictions under the offering tables.
And finally, the offerings under the offering tables are no longer just a tradition of reminding the deceased to prepare for their afterlife. However, Egyptians continue to hold memorial prayers, visit cemeteries, put food and flowers on the graves. Through these customs, they keep in touch with their ancestral cultural history, although these offerings are made differently, the beliefs of the afterlife are important to the Egyptians. This confirms the understanding of contemporary Egyptian funerary traditions and cultural ideas through the study of ancient Egyptian burial practices, such as depictions under the sacrificial tables.