الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Sustainable energy initiatives have actively promoted both energy conservation and the generation of renewable green energy research. Energy conservation entails the management of energy resource consumption and the facilitation of integrated operations to improve service optimization. The Internet of Things (IoT) contributed to enhance citizens’ living environments and supporting smart infrastructure development. The fundamental components of IoT services comprise internet connectivity and physical devices, which are equipped with sensors that enable communication and interaction with other devices over the Internet. These sensors are designed to exchange real-time data based on the centralized architecture and protocols employed. However, the services controlled by these sensors are confronted with challenges arising from the limitations of this centralized architecture for information exchange. This centralized approach enables the interoperability of diverse devices that utilize heterogeneous communication protocols and varied data formats. Additionally, the timeliness of real-time data analysis, which is crucial for supporting accurate decision-making in IoT services, is heavily dependent on communication latency and computational capabilities. Furthermore, Blockchain (Bc) technology has been proposed to enable cross-sectoral systems integration for developing smart and sustainable cities. It creates secure mesh networks that maintain billions of distributed and trusted ledgers of all interconnected devices. The Integration of IoT and Bc technologies became one of the highlights that made services no longer be regarded as a single entity offered by various IoT solutions. Thus, we proposed a framework as conceptual model aims to manage the utilization of light levels within intelligent urban structures and prevent fraudulent activities related to power meter readings and consumption. This aim is fulfilled through the integration of Internet of Things (IoT) sensors, decentralized intelligent agents, and a blockchain-based smart contract platform. The proposed framework enhances the functionality of lighting systems by dynamically adjusting the operational voltage based on the light intensity values detected through IoT sensors. The decentralized smart agents collect and transmit the consumption data and real-time behavioral information from the IoT sensors, either through the default assigned agent or any nearby available agent. The smart contract securely records the consumption and behavioral data from the smart agents using a Proof-of-Stake (PoS) algorithm, which supports the prevention of tampering with electric consumption records. The assessment of the framework includes an analysis of communication overhead, energy efficiency, robustness, and real-time monitoring. The results show a significant role in energy consumption preservation within smart environments and the potential for implementation across various smart city domains, including facility management solutions. Finally the case study results show that the proposed framework can improve light level consumption by 76%.