الفهرس 
Chapter 1 : INTRODUCTION……………………Only 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Summary
i
SUMMARY
Chalcone 3 was synthesized by a base-catalyzed Claisen-Schmidt
reaction between p-chlorobenzaldhyde and N-(4-
hydroxyphenyl)acetamide in 70% yield (Scheme 1).
The pyrimidine derivative 4 was obtained by refluxing 3 with urea
in alkaline medium / ethanol in 68% yield (Scheme 2).
Summary
ii
The ester derivative 5 was obtained by refluxing 4 with ethyl
chloroacetate in alkaline medium / acetone in 72% yield (Scheme 3).
Hydrazinolysis of 5 with hydrazine hydrate in ethanol afforded
hydrazide derivative 6 in 66% yield (Scheme 4).
The thiopyrimidine derivative 7 was obtained by refluxing 3 with
thiourea in alkaline medium / DMF in 68% yield (Scheme 5).
Summary
iii
The ester derivative 8 was obtained by refluxing 7 with ethyl
chloro acetate in alkaline medium /acetone in 72% yield (Scheme 6).
Hydrazinolysis of 8 with hydrazine hydrate in ethanol afforded
hydrazide derivative 9 in 66% yield (Scheme 7).
Sugar hydrazone 10 was obtained in 65% yield after
refluxing of 6 with D-(+)-glucose in ethanol and in the
presence of a catalytic amount of acetic acid.
Thiadiazol 11 was obtained in 65% yield after refluxing of
6 with carbon disulfide in methanol and in the presence of
a sodium methoxide (Scheme 8).
Summary
iv
The ester derivative 12 was obtained by refluxing 11 with ethyl
chloro acetate in alkaline medium / acetone in 72% yield (Scheme 9).
Sugar hydrazone 13 was obtained in 65% yield after
refluxing of 9 with D-(+)-glucose in ethanol and in the
presence of acatalytic amount of acetic acid.
Thiadiazol 14 was obtained in 65% yield after refluxing of
Summary
v
6 with carbon disulfide in methanol and in the presence of
a sodium methoxide (Scheme 10).
The ester derivative 15 was obtained by refluxing 14 with ethyl
chloro acetate in alkaline medium / acetone in 72% yield (Scheme 11).
Summary
vi
Chalcone 17 was synthesized by a base-catalyzed Claisen-Schmidt
reaction between fulfuraldehyde and N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamide in
70% yield (Scheme 12).
The pyrimidine derivative 18 was obtained by refluxing 17 with
urea in alkaline medium / ethanol in 68% yield (Scheme 13).
The ester derivative 19 was obtained by refluxing 18 with ethyl
chloro acetate in alkaline medium / acetone in 72% yield (Scheme 14).
Summary
vii
Hydrazinolysis of 19 with hydrazine hydrate in ethanol afforded
hydrazide derivative 20 in 66% yield (Scheme 15).
The thiopyrimidine derivative 21 was obtained by refluxing 17
with thiourea in alkaline medium / DMF in 68% yield (Scheme 16).
The ester derivative 22 was obtained by refluxing 21 with ethyl
chloro acetate in alkaline medium / acetone in 72% yield (Scheme 17).
Summary
viii
Hydrazinolysis of 22 with hydrazine hydrate in ethanol afforded
hydrazide derivative 23 in 66% yield (Scheme18).
Sugar hydrazone 24 was obtained in 65% yield after
refluxing of 20 with D-(+)-glucose in ethanol and in the
presence of a catalytic amount of acetic acid.
Thiadiazol 25 was obtained in 65% yield after refluxing of 20
with carbon disulfide in methanol and in the presence of a sodium
methoxide (Scheme 19).
Summary
ix
The ester derivative 26 was obtained by refluxing 25 with ethyl
chloro acetate in alkaline medium / acetone in 72% yield (Scheme 20).
Sugar hydrazone 27 was obtained in 65% yield after
refluxing of 23 with D-(+)-glucose in ethanol and in the presence
of a catalytic amount of acetic acid.
Thiadiazol 28 was obtained in 65% yield after refluxing of 23
with carbon disulfide in methanol and in the presence of a sodium
methoxide (Scheme 21).
Summary
x
The ester derivative 29 was obtained by refluxing 28 with
ethyl chloroacetate in alkaline medium /acetone in 72% yield
(Scheme 22).