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2/0 القراءات النظرية والدراسات السابقة المرجعيةيوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام
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المستخلص
Sports injuries are among the most important reasons that may lead to the end of the player’s sports future. Therefore, the phenomenon of sports injuries has received great attention, and in light of scientific progress, good preparation of athletes is required. Sports injuries of all kinds occur as a result of physical activity, whether recreationally or during training or competitions, and they are not much different from accident injuries. The interest in injuries, their causes, and ways to prevent them did not receive enough attention among most athletes, as attention to them comes at a later stage of their occurrence without making good efforts to avoid them or reduce their occurrence in advance.
It is possible to give the players exercises or an alternative sport such as swimming. Among the psychological factors that prepare the injury is the intensity of excitement that some players experience as a result of exaggerated motivation and trying to win by any means because this is linked to more incentives. On the other hand, some symptoms of high excitement such as excess muscle tension, for example, may lead to Physical or muscular injuries, such as lacerations, fractures, severe muscle spasms, and other physical injuries.
Amr Mohamed Hassanein (2015) mentions that one of the most common injuries is joint injuries, because the movement is the movement of the joints and not the movement of the bones.
The knee joint is one of the largest synovial joints in the human body, as it consists of the articulation of the lower end of the femur with the upper end of the tibia, as well as the posterior surface of the patella with the anterior surface of the end of the femur.
Research problem:
Despite the tremendous development in training methods and the obvious improvement in the sports capabilities of playgrounds and tools, sports injuries still occur among athletes.
The sports injuries that the player is exposed to vary with the variety of the activity he practices. Each sporting activity has its own character and characteristics that are determined by its contents and components in terms of its skill and tactical requirements, as well as how to prepare physically and psychologically, in addition to the conditions of its competitions, the type of stadium on which it plays, the number of players, and the system and timing of organization. The championship, the availability of security and safety factors, the level of the player and his experience, all of this may contribute to determining the type, degree and severity of sports injuries that the player is exposed to while practicing a certain type of sporting activity.
Specialists resort to studying sports injuries in the field of various activities, for reasons including knowing their causes, classification, methods of prevention and treatment, and on the other hand, the large expenditures for treating injuries, as well as determining their prevention, as the injury may occur in the competitive situation or training.
It may be an injury resulting from the nature of the exercise of the activity, such as its tools, devices, and rules, or it may be as a psychological aspect that leads to injury.
And ”Amal Farouk” (2012 AD) believes that the essence of the training process is the important means to achieve the coach’s goal to achieve the highest rates of athletic achievement for the player by achieving a balance between the requirements of the multiple karate sport on the one hand and the level of the components of the structural structure of the player’s condition on the other hand, and that the development and development The physical and skillful condition of the player is an important entry point for upgrading the components of the structural structure and defining the practical tests standardized for the level of capabilities and capabilities that the player possesses.
from the foregoing, the primary objective of the workers in the sports field should be to take care of the players who are susceptible to injury and protect them from it, as the technical level of the players is no longer limited to the tactical and skillful aspects through training, but rather needs to know how to avoid injuries and prevent them, so the researcher thought of making a proposed physical program For the prevention of lower extremity injuries among karate players.
research importance
The importance of the study shows the importance of the physical program for the prevention of lower extremity injuries among karate players and its role in reaching the player to the highest levels by completing the sports season and improving its return on practitioners and maintaining them. To stand on the causes leading to the occurrence of injuries among karate players, this study gives an overview of the physical program and its role in avoiding injuries to the lower extremity as much as possible and so that the players can reach their highest level of physical and skillful oral performance and ensure their continuity in practicing sports.
Search goal:
This research aims to design a proposed physical program for the prevention of lower extremity injuries among karate players and to know its impact on:
1- Knowing the role of the proposed physical program to prevent lower extremity injuries among karate players during the training period.
2- Knowing the most important factors that lead to injuries of the lower extremity of the players.
3- Knowing the importance of the suggested physical program for preventing lower extremity injuries among karate players.
Research hypotheses :
The research seeks to verify the following hypotheses:
1- There are statistically significant differences between the two measurements (pre and post) for the ”control group” of men in the Menoufia Karate team under (18 years) in physical variables.
2- There are statistically significant differences between the two measurements (pre and post) for the members of the ”experimental group” of the Menoufia Karate team under (18 years) men in the physical variables.
3- There are statistically significant differences between the two post-measurements of the two groups, the experimental - the control group of men from the Menoufia Karate team under (18 years) in the physical variables.
Search definitions:
The concept of injury
It is a disability or damage, whether this damage is associated with or not, with tissue loss as a result of any external or internal influence, whether this effect is (mechanical, organic, or chemical), and the external impact is often sudden and severe, and causes disruption in the functions of tissues or organs the body .
Sports injuries
“Damage, whether the damage is associated with or not, with tissue rupture as a result of any external influence, whether this impact is mechanical, bloody, or chemical, and this impact is usually sudden and severe.”
reference studies
Arabic studies
- ”Walid Hussein Abu Hayes” (2021 AD) entitled ”A (Kinetic-Nutritional) Program supported by Complementary Medicine Methods to Rehabilitate Some Common Injuries for Athletes.” Experimental Experimental Approach Two experimental groups and the sample was (20) patients with shoulder arthritis, deltoid muscle tear of the second degree. The data collection tools were the motor program, the nutritional program, physical tests, and pre and post measurements.
, Measuring the degree of visual analogue pain, EMG wireless muscle mapping device, and the most important results are. The rehabilitation program has helped in improving muscle strength, increasing joint flexibility, and improving motor performance in the research sample for both groups.
Ali Hussain Kazem (2019) titled “The Effectiveness of a Preventive Program to Reduce Lower Limb Injuries for Artistic Gymnasts in Iraq.” The aim of the study was to reduce the lower limb injury rates for artistic gymnasts through a strength preventive program to improve the physical abilities associated with women’s skillful artistic gymnastics The methodology used was experimental, and the selection of the research sample was artistic gymnasts, and the data collection tools were an inventory of scientific references and previous studies, personal interviews, registration forms, and data dumping, and the most important results were that the preventive program had a positive effect on the experimental group in improving Muscular strength, flexibility, and motor range (between pre and post measurement).
“Sakina Kamel Al-Jarallah” (2015 AD), entitled “An Analytical Study of the Types of Sports Injuries and the Causes of Their Occurrence for Individual Sports Players”, and the aim of the study was to identify the types of sports injuries and the causes of their occurrence for individual sports players as well as to find differences in the types of sports injuries and their causes for their occurrence among individual sports players The method used was descriptive in the manner of surveys and comparative studies, and the sample was the players of the individual sports teams (tennis, squash, badminton and table) and their number was (125), collection tools - sources and references, sports injuries questionnaire, personal interviews, observation, and the most important results were the most sports injuries The players of individual games are bruises and then muscle spasm, the frequent occurrence of sports injuries as a result of (external cause poor flooring of the stadiums), that sports injuries among the players of individual games occur closely as a result of an internal cause (subjective) errors of warm-up and technical performance and the cause of poor equipment and training tools And play, and bad floors.
Search procedures
Research Methodology:
The researcher used the experimental approach, the experimental design (with pre and post measurement), for two groups, one experimental and the other a control group, due to its suitability to the nature of this study.
Research community and sample:
research community :
The research community included karate players at the Bahari Youth Center in Shebin El-Kom under (18 years) ”Kumtia”, and the number of members of the research community reached (35) players.
Basic research sample:
The basic research sample was randomly selected from within the research community of karate players at the Bahari Youth Center in Shebin El-Kom under (18 years) ”Kumtia”, and their number is (20) players, representing (57.14%) of the research community. The basic research sample has been divided into two groups, one control and the other experimental, as follows:
Control group: (10) players
Experimental group: (10) players
Table characterizing the research sample and population
The study sample Total
the society Statement
Total
control Experimental reconnaissance
30 10 10 10 35 number
85.71 28.57 28.57 28.57 100 %
Conditions for selecting a research sample:
The nature of the research requires some conditions for the sample members, which are:
1-The athlete’s consent to participate and attend the proposed rehabilitation program.
2-The absence of deformities or injuries that affect the progress of the proposed rehabilitation program.
3- The absence of chronic diseases or the use of any drugs that affect the progress of the proposed rehabilitation program.
4. Not being subject to other rehabilitation programs.
Homogeneity of the research sample:
The researcher found the homogeneity of the research sample (basic - exploratory), which numbered (30) players, in the variables under study, in order to ensure that they fall under the moderating curve.
search tools
The researcher relied on collecting information and data related to this research to the following methods and tools:
A survey study of specialized scientific references, with the aim of:
- Determining and limiting the tests that are appropriate for the measurement of the variables under study.
- Determine and limit the contents of the proposed preventive program.
- Preparing the ”proposed preventive program” subject of the study.
personal interview :
The researcher conducted a personal interview with (13) experts in order to seek their opinion on:
- Research tools and their suitability for research objectives.
- The content of the proposed training program is under discussion.
Forms:
- A questionnaire form for the opinion of the experts regarding the appropriateness of the measurement tools.
-A form to survey the opinion of the experts regarding the content of the proposed preventive program under discussion.
- Data registration form for the research sample.
Devices and tools used in the research:
-A medical scale for measuring weight.
-A rectimeter for measuring length.
- A stop watch.
- A tape measure calibrated to the nearest 0.5 centimeter
- (20) training dishes.
- (10) Swiss balls
- (5) Swedish seats
- (10) medicine balls
- (20) rubber ropes
- a whistle.
Tests used in the research:
Balance:
- Standing on the balance beam
Flexibility:
- Opening the tower
- Bend the torso forward and down
Fitness:
- Barrow for agility
• Compatibility :
- Numbered circles
• Ability :
- Broad jump from stability
Performance speed.
- The speed of performing the mae-geri front kick is 10 seconds.
- The speed of performing the circular kick, Mawashi Jerry, is 10 seconds.
- The speed of performing the yoko-geri side kick is 10 seconds.
Suggested programme:
Objectives of the proposed program:
The proposed program aims to identify the effect of preventive exercises for the connective muscle on the study sample of the players of the tribal neighborhood youth center in Shebin El-Kom for karate under (18 years) kumite.
The purposes of the proposed program
- That the player acquires the concepts and knowledge of the preventive exercises in question.
- That the player recognizes the nature of the correct performance of the preventive exercises in question.
- That the player understands the performance sequence of the preventive exercises in question.
Fundamentals of program development
The researcher took into account the following bases when developing the proposed preventive program, given that these bases are criteria for the program
- Availability of security and safety factors during the implementation of the program.
- Taking into account the individual differences between the players, the growth characteristics of this age group.
- The program should be characterized by simplicity and diversity.
- Its content should be consistent with the objectives of the program.
- The program should be integrated through its various stages.
- Taking into account the principle of fluctuation in the degree of pregnancy during the periods of the training program.
- Availability of capabilities, tools and devices appropriate to the nature of the research.
- Taking into account the selection and order of exercises within the program.
- Taking into account that the rest periods are suitable for the load used.
Search application steps:
Tribal measurements:
The researcher conducted a tribal measurement on the research sample, the two groups (the control and the experimental group), which consisted of (35) players from the tribal neighborhood youth center in Shebin El-Kom for karate under (18 years), kumite, on Sunday 4/3/2022 AD.
Rehabilitation program planning:
After reviewing the scientific references and specialized studies in this field, and based on the results of the pre-measurement of the research sample, and according to the opinions of experts in the content of the program in accordance with the proposed training, the researcher planned it according to the following steps:
-Determine the total time of the program in weeks.
-Determine the number of training times per week.
- Determine the size and severity of the load for the program.
- Determining the number of weeks of the program and then distributing it to the stages of the preparation period.
- Determine the degree of pregnancy time during the program, stages and weeks.
The application of the proposed qualifying program:
The researcher applied the proposed preventive program for a period of (12) weeks, at the rate of (3) weekly units, on the research sample of the players of the Menoufia Karate team under (18 years) (the experimental group), and the traditional method of the control group, in the period from Saturday 2 6/2022 AD to Wednesday 9/28/2022 AD.
Dimensional measurements:
The post-measurement was conducted after completing the application of the proposed preventive program on the research sample of the players of the Menoufia Karate team under (18 years) men and the traditional method of training on the control group, on Sunday 10/5/2022 AD, and it was taken into account when conducting the post-measurement that the Under the same conditions in which the pre-measurement was performed.
Conclusions and recommendations:
Conclusions:
In the light of the research objective and its assumptions and within the limits of the nature of the sample and based on the statistical treatments of the results and their interpretation, the researcher concluded that the positive effect of the program based on ”the effect of a proposed physical program for the prevention of lower extremity injuries among karate players” leads to prevention of injuries that occur to karate players in addition to improvement In the range of motion and the level of pain and help in preventing the return of injury to the sample under study, the following:-
1- There are statistically significant differences between the two measurements (pre and post) for the ”experimental group” players in physical variables in favor of the experimental group.
2- The proposed program led to a positive improvement in the muscular strength of the muscles of the leg and legs.
3 - The proposed program led to a positive improvement in the range of motion, which led to an increase in the functional efficiency of the knee joint, and the muscles working on the pelvis.
4- The proposed program and the balanced development of muscular strength and range of motion of the thigh joint and the diversity in the use of muscle stretching exercises and muscle strength between forced, free exercises, and weights and the use of the sandy medium in the rehabilitation program has an effective impact on improving the condition of the players.
5- The balanced development of muscular strength and range of motion of the thigh joint and the diversity in the use of muscular stretching and muscular strength exercises between forced, free, and weight exercises in the rehabilitation program has an effective impact on improving the condition of the players. Muscle and muscle strength It had an effective effect in lengthening connective muscles and increasing muscle strength.
Recommendations:
In light of the research objective and depending on the data and results that have been reached and in light of the research sample, the researcher recommends the following:
1- Be guided by the proposed rehabilitative physical program and apply it to sports teams and other age groups.
2- Applying the physical and health rehabilitation program to sports teams and other age groups.
3- Conducting the same study on other sports injuries and other games to develop rehabilitation programs and speed up the player’s return.
4- The need to use therapeutic and auxiliary means to rehabilitate muscle injury in the implementation of the rehabilitative curriculum and in a manner consistent with the level of injury.
5- Paying attention to this type of program and preparing rehabilitation programs for other types of injuries.
6- It is necessary to pay attention to a good warm-up in order for the muscles to gain full elongation, and to design preventive programs from such injuries