الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 122 |  |  |
| | | from | 122 | | |
Abstract
Sex determination is the initial step in forensic investigations for persons identification. Sex influences how age, size, and other factors are determined in the future.
The human skull is a crucial part of forensic examination since it can reliably determine sex with a 92% accuracy. During mass catastrophes, natural tragedies, and other occurrences, the whole cranium is not accessible. The mandible, the biggest and most durable facial bone, may be the sole structure still present that may be used to identify a person’s sex.
It is widely shown that metric skeleton analysis outperforms descriptive features for sex determination. This is because it has little inter- and intraobserver variability and is objective, accurate, reproducible, and reliable.
Due to its low radiation exposure and quick scanning times, CBCT has seen a substantial growth in use over the last 10 years and has become the imaging modality of choice for the maxillofacial area. 500 participants who met the inclusion and exclusion requirements were involved in the current investigation (250 males and 250 females). Their ages varied from 18 to 60.
{Condylar height, coronoid height, ramus height, maximum ramus width, minimum ramus breadth, gonion-menton distance, gonion-gonion distance, gonion-menton-gonion angle, (SMef): the distance between the superior border of the mental foramen and the inferior border of the mandible and (IMeF): the distance between the inferior border of the mental foramen} are the mandibular parameters that were measured. All the parameters, which were measured on both the right and left side, were analyzed using a mouse-driven approach. The data were collated, the right and left side’s average was taken into account, and statistical analysis was performed.
All mandibular characteristics on CBCT models were shown to exhibit a statistically significant gender difference (p< 0.05). In comparison to women, men were shown to have more higher values.
Condyle height and gonion-gonion distance demonstrated the greatest dimorphism with 100% diagnostic accuracy.
With the exception of the gonion-menton distance and inferior mental foramen in males, several mandibular parameters were considerably greater in the right side than the left. The gonion-menton distance in women and the superior mental foramen in men, however, did not vary between the two sides in a meaningful way.
We may thus conclude from the results of this study that the mandible is a useful structure for identifying sex, and this research has established baseline values for the population of Upper Egypt.
It would be helpful in authenticating forensic data sets to do more study with different Egyptian ethnic groups to determine the validity of these factors in sex determination and to create baseline values.