الفهرس 
Review of LiteratureOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
T
he carving step is the only step that can be learnt preoperatively in ear reconstruction. The auricular framework design is applicable to be systematically learnt using training models.
There is increasing work being undertaken in the development of simulation models for many aspects of plastic surgery, from simple suturing models to complex virtual reality simulators.
The literature review however, revealed that the process of developing a simulator and introducing it to a training program needs to move forward from a random to a more structured pattern to ensure the educational effectiveness of such a facility.
The objective of this study is to develop a valid life-size realistic training model of carving steps of ear reconstruction and compare between utilizing this model in both 3D printed auricular model and 2D patron in training workshop, also validating the bench model for training.
This Comparative Study was done between two groups of trainees on ear carving using bovine cartilage as training model after approval of institutional ethical committee at Ain Shams university Hospitals with acceptance number (FMASU MS 75/2022) and performed at the plastic, burn and maxillofacial department’s skill lab.
Moreover, we compared time taken to finish the steps between two groups and there was statistically significant in 2D group by median 1.66 while according to objective methods the 3D group has better scores regarding the 3 subunits of final product (Triangular fossa, Projection cartilage and Inter-tragal notch).
The main reason that both 2D and 3D models give approximately similar final results as we instructed the trainees before carving that the auricle is 3D structure so they kept this fact in mind and applied during practice.
The 3D models used in training program were designed 2mm smaller than actual auricular size because in clinical practice addition skin thickness will be added to the framework.
The 3D models designed for training program were segmented for ease carving of segments and then suturing them together, this makes it easier for trainees in their training.
CONCLUSION
T
he results of subjective feedback and objective scoring system concluded that the bovine scapular cartilage model is considered an ideal model for training on both 2D and 3D templates to achieve experience in auricular carving. The 3D templates provide slower but precised reconstruction of the auricle.