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Abstract
Type I Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is associated with multiple reproductive abnormalities and hypoestrogenemia. This study aimed to assess the effect of diabetes on aromatase enzyme gene expression in ovarian and uterine tissues, as well as, its effect on the height of uterine contractions. Also, to identify the possible therapeutic effects of insulin and sildenafil on both the aromatase enzyme level and the height of uterine contractions. Fifty female rats divided into five groups, ten for each, group I: normal control rats, group II: untreated streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, group III: insulin - treated diabetic, group IV: phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor (PDE5i)-sildenafil-treated diabetic rats and group V: Combined PDE5i (sildenafil) and insulin - treated diabetic rats. Fasting glucose, fasting insulin and estrogen were measured in serum. Aromatase enzyme gene expression was measured in both ovarian and uterine tissues. Peak heights of spontaneous uterine contractions were recorded