الفهرس 
The prevalence and associations of sleep disturbances in female patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
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Abstract
To assess the prevalence of sleep disturbance in female patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and to evaluate the correlation between sleep disturbance and some disease parameters. Methods:Thirty female patients with SLE according to the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria for SLE (Hochberg, 1997) were included in this study. Thirty healthy age matched females were included as a control group. Patients fulfilling ACR criteria for fibromyalgia were excluded from the study. Sleep quality was assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), depressed mood was screened by Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale (CES-D), functional disability was assessed by the Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index (HAQ-DI), pain severity was assessed by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), SLE disease activity was measured by the SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI), and cumulative damage was measured by the Systemic Lupus International Collaborative Clinic/ American College of Rheumatology (SLICC/ACR) damage index (SLICC/ACDI)