الفهرس 
الفصـل الأول 1/0 الإطار العام للبحثيوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام
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المستخلص
Praise be to God who created man in the best calendar, and prayers and peace be upon our master Muhammad and his family and companions, and after that God created man in the best form and in the best calendar for two foundations, the first is worshiping Him, the Almighty, and the second is the building of this earth, and at the same time His will, the Almighty, wills. To have brothers among us who were deprived of some of the blessings of God Almighty that He bestowed upon His servants, so that among all groups of societies, the category of people of determination appeared.
”Magda Obeid” (2013) explained that with the progression of ages, many causes appeared that lead to the existence of people with special needs, and with the emergence of this group in societies, it was imperative that human services come together for this group, make life seem easier, and work to overcome the obstacles and difficulties that may get in their way; Hence, many ideas, plans, programs and services emerged in order to achieve the goal of integrating people of determination into society. Psychological, social, educational and rehabilitative services for various disabilities appeared. Efforts made by specialists in various fields continue to develop services provided to people of determination in society. Care for people of determination to rehabilitate them professionally, socially, technically, educationally and athletically, and it is run by qualified and trained specialists, in order to provide the best forms of care in a scientifically correct manner that leads to the desired goal of integrating people of determination into society. (20:13)
”Medhat Abu Al-Nasr” (2014) mentions that the multiplicity of disability classifications is due to the development of knowledge in the field of caring for people of determination, and among these classifications are sensory disability such as (blindness, deafness and dumbness, speech and speech defects), physical disability and may be motor such as (the disabled, dwarfs, amputees, polio, cerebral palsy); Or pathological such as (patients with cancer, heart, diabetes, and liver failure), psychological disabilities such as (sick fear, sick anxiety, mania, neurological disorders), mental disabilities such as (psychosis and epilepsy) and newly recognized mental disabilities (autism, Down syndrome ), social disability. (43:24)
And ”Farouk Al-Rousan” (2017) explained that intellectual disability is one of the familiar phenomena throughout the ages, and a society is almost devoid of it. The inability of individuals with intellectual disabilities to learn, improve and develop. (18:17)
”Mustafa Al-Qamish” (2011) indicated that intellectual disability is classified based on intelligence test scores, where simple intellectual disability is defined by intelligence degrees ranging from (55-69) while moderate intellectual disability ranges from (40-54) while Severe intellectual disability is determined between a score of (25-39) and less than (25) for very severe intellectual disability. (26:38)
”Daniel et all” (2013) showed that Down syndrome is associated with a wide range of characteristics that distinguish it from others, and the most obvious physical characteristics are (short stature, narrow eyes with a transverse direction, shortness and flatness of the limbs, thickness and length of the tongue (which leads to To the protrusion of the tongue), a decrease in the level of muscle tension, and the relaxation of the joints). (34:45)
”Craft, A” (2000) indicated that basic motor skills have a major role in the development of children, as they provide them with a variety of motor experiences and a quantity of information and knowledge that works to establish their awareness of themselves and their surrounding world. This applies to children with disabilities, and that growth in motor skills Basic movement plays a major role in relation to success in other movements, and we also find that the development of basic motor skills gives insight into other physical movements and leads to success in performing sports and other sports. (33:206)
”Awni Shaheen” (2008) mentions that the suffering of people with Down syndrome from physical and motor weakness can be mitigated by practicing physical activities over a sufficient period of time, which has a significant impact that can be seen in preserving their health, improving their physical level, and developing their life skills.
In a related context, he also explains that the muscles of children with Down syndrome tend to be weak and lax in most cases, which causes a delay in acquiring motor skills for them, and this is reflected in the form of difficulties in running, jumping, throwing, grasping, and picking up skills, in addition to a decrease in muscle tension, which is evident in the form of Disturbance in the balance between flexor and extensor muscle strength, which leads to a delay in head control, excessive neck retraction, and a delay in the ability to sit freely, crawl, crawl, stand, and walk. (17:55, 68)
Research problem:
Through the field researcher’s observation of people of determination in the surrounding community, visiting the (Intellectual Education School in Beni Suef Governorate) affiliated to the Department of Special Education, conducting a personal interview with the activities supervisors and physical education teachers in the school, and talking with parents in the research community in order to identify the difficulties they face. In their daily lives, the researcher noticed a deficiency in the level of performance of some of their basic motor skills.
Through the researcher’s review of scientific studies and research, including ”Zainab Al-Mutaan” (2018) (6), ”Khaled Saeed and Muhammad Kamal” (2018) (4), ”Mishaal Abdullah” (2016) (25).
Which shows the importance of applying exercises and the extent of the impact of music on individuals of determination.
As you notice, within the limits of the researcher’s knowledge, there is a significant lack of research and studies that dealt with this category (Down) by research and study.
This stimulated the researcher’s mind to think about developing exercises accompanying the music and identifying the extent of its impact on Down syndrome students in order to improve the level of performance of some of their basic motor skills.
Research aim:
The research aims to identify the effect of exercises accompanied by music on improving some basic motor skills among pupils with Down syndrome, members of the research sample.
Research hypotheses:
- There are statistically significant differences between the pre and post measurements, in the level of performance of some basic motor skills among the research sample in the direction of the post measurement.
- There is an improvement in the level of performance of some basic motor skills between the pre and post measurements of the research sample in the direction of the post measurement.
Research plan and procedures
Research Methodology:
The researcher used the experimental method, designing one group by conducting the two measurements (pre and post) due to its suitability to the nature of the research.
Research community:
The research community included (21) students with Down syndrome at the Intellectual Education School in Beni Suef Governorate.
Research sample:
The research sample was chosen by the intentional method of (16) students, and their age ranges from (7-12) years, and they were divided into (10) students as an experimental sample and (6) students as an exploratory sample to conduct scientific transactions, (5) students with Down syndrome were excluded.
Sample selection conditions:
1. People with mild or moderate intellectual disabilities who do not suffer from any other disabilities.
2. Excluding people who suffer from health and hearing diseases that affect the progress of the proposed physical program
3. The dental stage from (7-12) years.
4. The degree of intelligence is between (55-69) for the simple disability, and between (40-54) for the moderate disability, and the researcher relied on obtaining the degrees of intelligence according to what is specified in the records of the students in the school. Attachment (2)
Data collection tools
1- Tools and devices used in the research:
1) A restameter to measure length.
2) A medical scale to measure weight in kilograms.
3) Stopwatch to measure time.
4) Sticky tapes.
5) headphones.
6) Line box.
7) Measuring tape (meter).
8) A photographic camera.
9) cones.
10) Football.
2- Reference scan:
The researcher conducted a survey of studies and scientific references that dealt with the nature and characteristics of children with Down syndrome and appropriate activities for them, whether with regard to basic motor skills or exercises, as well as the importance of accompanying music for children’s performances, in addition to identifying and choosing appropriate tests for the nature of the research and the sample, within the limits of what is available to the researcher.
3- The forms used in the research:
A- A questionnaire form for the opinion of experts in determining basic motor skills tests. Attachment (4)
Arab and foreign references clearly differed among themselves in defining tests for basic motor skills in general, and to determine tests for basic motor skills, the researcher did the following:
* Conducting a survey of a group of scientific references, studies and research that dealt with basic motor skills.
* The basic motor skills tests form that was reached was presented to a group of experts and professors. Addition and deletion were taken into consideration in accordance with the opinion of experts and supervisors to determine the most important of these tests for the Down Syndrome category (under study).
B- Surveying the opinion of experts on the components of the proposed motor program, which is the subject of the research. Attachment (6)
Basic study
Tribal measurement:
The researcher conducted a tribal measurement at the School of Intellectual Education in Beni Suef Governorate for the experimental group under study in the variables (age - height - weight - degree of intelligence - basic motor skills) on Monday and Tuesday 8/29/30/2022 AD.
Software application:
The researcher applied the proposed motor program on Wednesday, 8/31/2022 AD, at the School of Intellectual Education in Beni Suef Governorate, using exercises accompanied by music to improve some basic motor skills among Down syndrome students, and the duration of applying the motor program was (12) weeks, with a rate of (2) One unit per week, and the unit time is (45) minutes.
a. Program objective:
It aims to identify the extent of improvement in the performance of the basic motor skills of the research sample after applying the exercise program implemented on students with Down syndrome, the research sample, at the School of Intellectual Education in Beni Suef Governorate.
B. Fundamentals of program preparation:
Through the researcher’s readings, the researcher took into account the following bases when developing the motor program:
• That the content of the program is commensurate with its objectives.
• To include defining the duties emanating from the objectives to be achieved.
• The program should take into account the characteristics of the research sample members.
• Preparing the program according to scientific foundations.
• Take into account the provision of the appropriate place and capabilities necessary for the implementation of the program.
• That the content of the program keep pace with the abilities of pupils with Down syndrome and take into account the individual differences among them.
• That the program is flexible during the practical application of the possibility of modification during the application.
• Take into account that the program ranges from easy to difficult.
Determine the timing of the different motor performance stages.
• Taking into account security and safety factors.
•The program should be characterized by simplicity, diversity and comprehensiveness in order to satisfy the needs of Down syndrome students in terms of movement and activity.
•Benefiting from previous studies that used kinetic programs and exercise programs accompanied by music.
• Flexibility in determining the time of the units.
• Gradually increase the number of times and time of performance.
Statistical treatments used in the research.
The researcher used the following statistical treatments:
- SMA.
- Mediator.
- standard deviation.
- skewness.
- Test for the significance of differences.
- percentage.
Conclusions and recommendations
First: Conclusions
• The proposed program led to an improvement in the performance level of some basic motor skills (running - partridge - vertical jump - kicking football on the wall - throwing and standing for basketball on the wall).
• Variation in the rates of change of the results of the approval and the research sample of the tests used in the different tests, where the kicking the ball against the wall test achieved the best rate of change and improvement, while the partridge test achieved the least rate of change and improvement.
Second: Recommendations
In the light of what has been drawn from the results of the research and depending on the methodology and means of the research, the researcher recommends the following:
1- Addressing the decision-making authorities to the educational directorates to implement the proposed program in all schools that include students with Down syndrome or specialized schools.
2- Be guided by the proposed motor exercise program to develop basic motor skills for people with Down syndrome.
3- The need for diversity in the methods of giving exercise to people with Down syndrome, because this makes them more happy, happy, and love to participate and cooperate in motor activities.
Research abstract
” The Effect of Exercises Accompanied by Music on Improving Some Basic Motor Skills Among Students with
Down Syndrome ”
* Mohamed Essam
The research aims to identify the effect of exercises accompanied by music on improving some basic motor skills among pupils with Down syndrome at the School of Intellectual Education in Beni Suef Governorate. 6) Pupils of an exploratory sample, and the duration of applying the motor program was (12) weeks, with (2) units per week, and the unit time was (45) minutes. One of the most important results was that there were statistically significant differences at the level of significance (0.05) between the pre and post measurements of the group. Experimental in each of (running test - partridge test - wide jump test - kicking the ball test - throwing and catching test) in the direction of telemetry, and the researcher recommends that children of mental determination should continue to practice exercises and motor activities regularly because of their positive impact on improving improve their basic motor skills and improve their physical fitness as well as their professional and cognitive competence.