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Abstract RPL is characterised with two or more miscarriages. It happens in 2-4 percent of clinically confirmed pregnancies and continues to be one of the most difficult problems reproductive endocrinologists face when attempting to understand the reason for pregnancy loss and reduce the likelihood that it will happen again in the future. RPL may be brought on by CE, a localised inflammation of the uterine mucosa, which has recently come to light. This study aimed to assess the association between CE and unexplained RPL. A case series study was conducted at El-Shatby University Maternity Hospital on 30 women with unexplained RPL. The age of women ranged from 22 to 34 years with a mean ± SD of 31.07 ± 3.50 years.The majority of patients were nullipara and had 2 previous abortions. Most of the studied women underwent hysteroscopy from 7 to 14 days of menses, representing 83.3%. In 12 patients (40%), abnormal hysteroscopic findings were reported.Abnormal hysteroscopic (Hyperemic patches, fine adhesions, polyp) findings were reported in 12 patients (40%). According to immunochemistry findings, 10 out of 30 women (33.3%) were diagnosed with chronic endometritis. The hysteroscopic findings show good agreement with the histopathology with a sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, PPV, and NPV of 80%, 80%, 80%, 66.67%, and 88.89%, respectively. No statistically significant association was reported between chronic endometritis and parity (p= 0.193). There was no statistically significant relationship between chronic endometritis and abortion (p=0.577). No statistically significant association was found between chronic endometritis and fertility (p=0.350). |