الفهرس 
Controlling of Fungal Root Diseases of Pea (Pisum sativumL.) by Safe Alternatives Fungicides in Egypt and Ethiopia
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Abstract
Pisum sativum L fungal root diseases an aggressive diseases causing damping-off, root rot, and vascular wilt in all peas growing fields. The disease can cause 100% yield losses under favorable conditions. Increasing peas green pods and dry yield with quality is a chief objective that can be succeeded by using seed treatment with many safe alternative bio fungicides. Using of chemical inducers and bioagents individually or in mixture against root rot pathogens diseases proved to be well and its effectiveness in controlling many root diseases and improving growth and quality yield of several crops. Application of seed treatment using the triple mixture of AM+TH 3x10 cfu/ml + Ps 10’ cell/ml, Si-NPs 150 ppm and Chit-NPs 150 ppm treatments can provide a high level of protection against fungal root rot disease of pea plants. This protection was equal to the control that was treated with the fungicide. These pea seed treatments may be safely used commercially as traditional synthetic fungicides for controlling seed, and soil-borne plant pathogens and stimulation vegetative growth, yield, seed quality, physiological and anatomical characteristics of the root of the pea plant.