الفهرس 
Title : A Compartive Evaluation of the Efficacy of Three Irrigant Activation Systems: Fanta AF Max File, XP Endo Finisher File and Irri-safe Ultrasonic Tip On Enterococcus Faecalis Eradication in Long Oval Canals Using Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope. ”A Randomized In-Vitro Study”
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Abstract
Aim: To assess and compare the efficacy of three irrigant activation systems: Fanta AF Max, XP Endo finisher and ultrasonic activation with Irri-safe ultrasonic tip on Enterococcus faecalis eradication and the maximum depth of the irrigant penetration into the dentinal tubules of long oval canals in single rooted teeth.
Methods: Fifty-four extracted human single rooted teeth with long oval canals were included. Teeth were prepared with hyflex rotary system up to size 40 taper 4%, irrigation was done using 2.5% sodium hypochlorite and 17% EDTA. After sterilization of the teeth, 6 teeth were considered as a negative control group, then the teeth were incolated with Enterococcus faecalis for 21 days. After the incubation period, 6 teeth were considered as a positive control group and the rest of the teeth were randomly allocated into three groups (n=14) according to the activation system used. The canals were irrigated using 5.25% NaOCl and the irrigant was activated for 3 minutes. After that, the teeth were splitted longitudinally into two halves, treated by live /dead stains and examined using Confocal laser scanning microscope.
Results: The XP Endo finisher file showed the highest percentage of bacterial death in comparison to the other groups where the difference was statistically significant regardless the root depths and levels (P-value <0.001). When comparing the different root levels, the results revealed that the coronal the middle parts showed the highest bacterial death percentage compared to the apical third with statistical significancee(P-value<0.001).
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Regrading the irrigant penetration depth, the XP Endo finisher group showed that highest irrigant penetration depth values into the dentinal tubules when compared to the other groups.
Conclusion: XP Endo Finisher had the highest ability to eradicate Enterococcus faecalis compared to Fanta AF Max and Irrisafe, in addition, it showed the deepest irrigant penteration depths into the dentinal tubules as well.