الفهرس Only 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 281 |  |  |
| | | from | 281 | | |
Abstract
His trial was performed to answer the following question: Can soft laser accelerate orthodontic tooth movement? The outcomes for this trial were to assess the rate of canine retraction with and without laser application, also to assess the amount of tip, torque and rotation of canine during its retraction, moreover, to evaluate first molar anchorage loss, tip, torque and rotation during canine retraction, and finally to test the changes in the amount of nitric oxide and alkaline phosphatase in the gingival crevicular fluid during canine retraction. Twenty two patients (19 females and 3 males with mean age of 21.45 years) were recruited to this split-mouth randomized controlled trial. All patients were indicated for maxillary first premolar extraction and canine retraction. After random allocation and allocation concealment each patient received soft laser on one side during canine retraction, while the other side received no exposure and served as control. After placement of fixed orthodontic appliance, leveling and alignment till 16{u00D7}22 mil stainless steel arch wire, mini-screw insertion, CBCT imaging and first premolar extraction, canine retraction was done using NiTi coil spring between the canine bracket and molar band hooks delivering 150 gm of force. Soft laser used was with active medium InGaAs (Indium gallium arsenide) semi-conductor diode, wavelength of 940 nm, power density of 1.43 W/cm2 and energy density of 29.3 J/cm2, applied buccally only at the level of the middle third of the canine root.