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Abstract
This study aims to examine the efficacy and safety of arachidonic acid (ARA) in treatment of school age children infected with S. mansoni. The study was registered with clinical trials. gov (NCT020144389). In total, 66 S. mansoni infected school children (20 - 23 children / study arm) received a single dose of 40mg / kg PZO, ARA, (10 mg / kg per day for 15 days), or PZO combined with ARA. The children were examined before and after treatment for worm egg counts in stool and blood biochemical (cholesterol, HDL, LDL, TG, ALT, AST, ALP, GGT, albumin, total proteins, direct bilirubin, urea, creatinine, total lipids, HCV antibody and HBV antigen), hematological (CBC, PT, PTT) and immunological parameters (IL - 10, IFN- y, IL - 4, IL - 17, IFN - y cytokines in whole blood culture). Stool analyses and egg counts per gram (epg) were recorded 4 weeks after the end of PZQ and 6 weeks after the end of ARA. ARA proved to be as efficacious as PZQ in treatment of school children with low infection intensity 78% and 85% cure rats, respectively. For moderate intensity infection, the ARA and PZQ combination led to 100% cure rate