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Abstract
Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare the effect of the First Class appliance when used with and without anterior anchorage for distalization of the maxillary first molars in patient with class II malocclusion. Methodology: The sample of the study consisted of 30 female patients at the start of the study. Six patients had been excluded, the study ended by twenty-four female, with an average age of 14±1.9 years. The sample was randomly selected and divided into two groups (12 patient in each group), group I received the First Class appliance with Essix plate, while group II received the First Class appliance alone. Distalization was continued until Class I molar relation was achieved. For all patients, extra oral and intraoral photographs, study casts, and cephalometric radiographs were taken before and after distalization. Consequently, scanned casts and cephalometric radiographs were traced and analyzed statistically. Results: The results of the study were reveled significant increase in SNA, ANB post treatment in group II. group I showed significant increase in SN/MP. There were significant extrusion in the second premolars in group I and II. There was significant distal crown tipping of maxillary first molar in relation to the SN line in both groups. Intermolar width was significant increased in both groups. There were significant mesial movement and inclination of the second premolars in group I and II .The dental cast measurement of the maxillary incisors showed significant anterior movement in both groups and the over jet (O.J) was significant increase in both group. A significant decrease in the overbite in the two groups. A significant increase in arch parameter (A.P) in the two groups