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المستخلص
Niosomes are non-ionic surfactant vesicles that are formed from self-assembly of non-ionic surfactant in aqueous media resulting in a closed bilayer structure. These structures are analogous to phospholipids vesicles (liposomes) and are able to encapsulate aqueous solutes and serve as drug carriers. Niosomes can entrap both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs either in an aqueous layer or in vesicular membrane. Niosomes have unique advantages over liposomes. Niosomes are quite stable structures, they require no special conditions such as low temperature or inert atmosphere for protection or storage and are chemically stable. Relatively low cost of materials makes it suitable for industrial manufacture. In recent years, transdermal delivery of drugs for systemic and local effect has gained considerable attention, because it offers many advantages over conventional administration such as avoidance of first pass metabolism and elimination of gastrointestinal irritation resulting in the improvement of patient compliance. However, the major limitation of this route is the permeation difficulty of the drug to pass through the skin