الفهرس 
Biological and toxicological impacts of copper oxide versus its nanoparticles counterpart in Nile Tilapia fish : (Oreochromis niloticus )
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Abstract
The present study was designed to evaluate and compare between the ecotoxicological effects of (1/10) (220.5 & 15 mg/l), and (1/20) (110.25 & 7.5 mg/l) LC50 /96hr. CuO (BPs & NPs) on Nile Tilapia; O. niloticus. TEM images of CuO BPs size (142-159 nm) which was greater than that of the CuO NPs size (35-37 nm). The average hydrodynamic size and zeta potential in water were (954 nm, 11.5mV) for CuO BPs, and (588 nm, - 5.32mV) for CuO NPs, respectively. K, HSI, RBCs, Hb, Hct, serum total lipids, total protein showed a significant decrease, but MCV, MCH, MCHC, serum glucose, liver water content as well as activities of AST, ALT, and ALP, serum creatinine and uric acid showed significant increase. Liver and gill tissues showed a reduction in GSH content and an elevation in MDA and GPx activity. Gills CAT & SOD activities showed an elevation when exposed to both concentrations of CuO BPs & NPs. While liver CAT & SOD activities showed an elevation when exposed to both concentrations of CuO BPs, They showed an inhibition in case of CuO NPs. Meat quality showed decreased in total proteins and total lipids. Bioaccumulation in general was L > K> G> S > M. When fish exposed only to CuO BPs, (HI was >1) in fish skin and muscles for subsistence man. Liver, kidney and gills showed alternations and clear damages. CuO NPs more toxic effect than that of the BPs, and the toxicity was concentration- dependant