الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 136 |  |  |
| | | from | 136 | | |
Abstract
A blood transfusion is the exchange of blood or blood components between two individuals. It is a potentially lifesaving treatment for replenishing blood lost after surgery, sickness, or a serious accident. Blood is a fluid that provides cells with oxygen, nutrients, and elimination of carbon dioxide and other toxins. Blood is technically a transport liquid that is pumped by the heart throughout the body and then returns to the heart to continue the process. Blood accounts for around 8 percent of an adult’s body weight. Males have around 5-6 litres of capacity, while females have 4-5 litres. This discrepancy is mostly the result of men and women having differing physical dimensions. In addition to being necessary and often lifesaving, blood transfusion is a regular kind of treatment. Although the procedure is not entirely risk-free, human error accounts for the vast majority of instances. Blood transfusion includes the exchange of blood or blood components between two individuals. Blood and blood products may be required to treat severe thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, and anaemia caused by illness or medicine. Along with the volume of whole blood, packed red blood cells, platelets, plasma, and concentrated clotting factor, the oxygen carrying capacity, platelet volume, and clotting factors are restored. This life-saving technique may be life-threatening if not executed exactly according to the institution’s guidelines and safe nursing practise. Nursing has an important role in ensuring transfusion safety, because the nursing team is responsible for acting in compliance with transfusion reactions, knowing the indications for transfusions, prevent errors through checking data, guiding patients on blood transfusion and documenting the procedure due to the complexity of the transfusion process and the need for expertise during its development, this process requires skilled and trained professionals to achieve transfusion safety. Direct care is provided by nurses to patients getting blood transfusions. Consequently, the correct storage of blood and its error-free identification are largely dependent on the performance of the nursing staff, emphasising the significance of scientific knowledge on blood transfusion and the technical skills of the nursing staff in preventing patient injury and complications. The aim of the study is to assess factors affecting nursing care for patient undergoing blood transfusion at ICU. This descriptive study design was conducted in medical units, medical hospital, Tanta University Hospital including 150 nurses who are working in the above mentioned setting of ICU and provide direct care for patients undergoing blood transfusion distributed as the following : (50) nurses in Anesthesia Intensive Care Units, (35) nurses in intensive care units in Medical Hospital , (35) nurses in cardiac and (30) nurses in neurological ICUs, Tanta University Hospital. The duration of the study ranged from 6-12 months. The main results of the study revealed that: 62% of nurses aged 20- <30 years, 70% were male and 43.3% of them had Diploma Nursing/ Specialized. 46.7% of. them had 5- <10 years of Experience in the Department of intensive care unit The same table clarified that the highest percent (90%) haven’t trained in internal nursing in general and nursing care to give blood in particular. Summary 60 More than two third (83.3%&80%&78%&78%) of studied Nurse’s had Correct& complete in the causes of the transfer of frozen fresh plasma, the reasons for the transfer of concentrated red blood cells, meaning of blood function and the rules of matching the patient’s blood with the donor respectively. Highly significant with 73.3% high knowledge regarding blood transfusion (P <0.001). Highly significant with 60% high in complication regarding blood transfusion (P <0.001). More than two third (71.3%) had high education level, trained in internal nursing in general and nursing care to give blood in particular and Perception of own level of information on transfusion safety, and self-confidence in nursing factors, (70%) previous experience, age, level of education in Patients’ factors include and (61.7%) availability of equipment and lab investigation in Environmental Factors. Based on our results we recommend for further studies on larger patients and longer period of follow up to emphasize our conclusion.