الفهرس 
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Abstract
Type 1 and type 2 diabetes can have severe complications such as diabetic nephropathy. Which is considered one of the most common causes of chronic kidney disease? Much research effort is being put into how to diagnose diabetic nephropathy in diabetic patients.
A large number of biomarker studies were published on markers in plasma or urine, either with the aim to distinguish patients with or without diabetic nephropathy, or with the aim to expect renal outcome in those patients with diabetic nephropathy.
This cross-sectional observational study recruited 75 patients with longstanding T2DM according to American diabetic association (ADA), and 25 healthy control persons Patients were recruited from outpatient and inpatient clinic of Internal Medicine Department of Beni-Suef University.
Patients with T2DM were further stratified based on their urine albumin–creatinine ratio (UACR) into three groups; normo-albuminuric, microalbuminuria and macroalbumuinuric.
Urinary L-FABP concentration was directly correlated in T2DM patients. Urinary levels of L-FABP were significantly higher in comparing each subcategory of type II DM with healthy control persons with difference between L-FABP levels between the three subgroups of T2DM where increase level of RBP indicate increase level of albuminuria.
These preliminary findings suggest that L-FABP may be a potentially useful biomarker for early diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy in T2DM patients.