الفهرس 
Introduction and RationaleOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The initial treatment for VV is elastic compression stockings. Anti-platelet and/or anticoagulation drugs are helpful for patients with some symptoms and sclerosing injections are also effective. Standard surgical treatments include stripping of saphenous various veins and high ligation of the saphenofemoral junction. Endovenous techniques, such as Endovenous Laser Ablation (EVLA) and Endovenous Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA), are relatively new, minimally invasive techniques. EVLA uses a laser fiber to deliver laser energy to a target area and form steam bubbles within the vein lumen, the steam bubbles generate heat within the lumen of the target vessel, which destroys the endothelial lining of the vessel. This causes an inflammatory reaction resulting in a thrombotic occlusion that effectively closes off the vein and eventually leads to fibrosis. This study aimed to assess the clinical outcomes of EVLA and identify the incidence of endovenous heat-induced thrombosis (EHIT) and its possible risk factors. Thirty-two adult patients with primary varicose veins included in a descriptive cross-sectional study in vascular surgery unit, surgery department, Suez Canal University Hospital, Ismailia.
incidence of endovenous heat-induced thrombosis (EHIT) among studied population were only two cases (6.3%) showed EHIT after endovenous laser ablation (EVLA). This divided the study group into two groups: Group1: patients without EHIT (n= 30) and group 2: EHIT patients (n=2). Females formed the majority of the sample in both groups. There was no statistically significant difference between both groups in regard to any of age, gender distribution, BMI and occupation.. No significant difference between EHIT patients and patients without EHIT in regard to affected side, distribution, smoking or history of chronic